List of products and services with forced arbitration

2026-01-22T02:57:10Z

Oscaz: Added arbitration clause for https://hytale.com

'''[[Forced arbitration]]''' is the practice in which businesses require their customers to resolve disputes through third-party arbitration instead of a traditional court system, often while revoking the consumer's right to partake in a class-action lawsuit. Businesses will typically add an arbitration clause to their [[Terms of Service]] which outlines how disputes should be handled between them and the consumer. The business decides who the arbiter is, irrespective of biases and conflicts of interest, and when combined with the revocation of the customer's rights to a traditional court system, forced arbitration is exploitative in benefiting the business at the customer's expense.

Adding arbitration clauses in take-it-or-leave-it contracts (e.g. consumer products and services) is a widespread practice across all industries and relations (including employment). Nonetheless, this article attempts to cover as many consumer products and services containing an arbitration clause as possible.

==Products and services==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Product/service
!Company
!Clause
!Source
!Opt-out method(s)
!Note
|-
|Bandcamp
|Bandcamp Ventures LLC
|"Any dispute arising from or relating to the subject matter of this Agreement shall be finally settled by arbitration in Los Angeles County, California, using the English language in accordance with the Arbitration Rules and Procedures of Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc. (“JAMS”) then in effect, by one commercial arbitrator with substantial experience in resolving intellectual property and commercial contract disputes, who shall be selected from the appropriate list of JAMS arbitrators in accordance with the Arbitration Rules and Procedures of JAMS."
|"Dispute Resolution" section of Terms of Use<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bandcamp Terms of Use |url=https://bandcamp.com/terms_of_use |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251013161152/https://bandcamp.com/terms_of_use |archive-date=2025-10-13 |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Bandcamp}}</ref>
|
|Service cannot be used in places where these terms are not allowed or unenforcable: "Use of the Service is not authorized in any jurisdiction that does not give effect to all provisions of these Terms of Use, including without limitation, this section."
|-
|[[Discord]]
|Discord Inc.
|"You agree that any Dispute between you and Discord that for any reason is not subject to the “Agreement to Arbitrate” section below may only be pursued by you on an individual basis, and you may not bring a claim as a plaintiff or a class member in a class, collective, or representative action."
|Section 16 of Terms of Service<ref>{{Cite web |title=Discord Terms of Service |url=https://discord.com/terms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260120051841/https://discord.com/terms |archive-date=2026-01-20 |access-date=2026-01-20 |website=Discord}}</ref>
|
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|-
|Electronic Gaming Monthly Compendium
|EGM Media, LLC
|"Any dispute which arises in the course of or following the performance of the present contract will be definitively settled by means of arbitration and to the exclusion of courts of law, in accordance with arbitration rules in force at the time this contract is entered into and to which the parties declare they have adhered. Any such controversy or claim will be arbitrated on an individual basis, and will not be consolidated in any arbitration with any claim or controversy of any other party. The arbitration will be conducted in Las Vegas, Nevada, and judgment on the arbitration award may be entered into any court having jurisdiction of it."
|Section 19 of [https://egmcompendium.com/info/terms-of-use.html Terms of Use]
|None
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|-
|Hytale
|Hypixel Studios Canada
|"To the extent permitted by applicable laws of the jurisdiction where you are habitually resident, all Disputes arising out of or relating to these Terms, the Service, or the Game shall be determined exclusively by binding arbitration. The terms of this Section will also apply to any claims asserted by you against any present or future parent or affiliated entity of Hypixel Studios Canada to the extent that any such claims fall within the definition of Dispute. The only Disputes not covered by this Section 15 are: (a) claims regarding the infringement, protection or validity of your, Hypixel Studios Canada's or Hypixel Studios Canada's licensors' trade secrets, copyright, trademark or patent rights; (b) individual claims filed in small claims court within its jurisdictional limits; (c) claims for public injunctive relief where applicable law requires court adjudication; and (d) any and all Disputes arising out of or relating to the class action waiver, including, but not limited to, any claim that all or part of the class action waiver is unenforceable, unconscionable, illegal, void, or voidable. To the extent the parties have related arbitrable and non-arbitrable disputes, the arbitrable disputes shall proceed first in arbitration and the non-arbitrable disputes shall be stayed, and any applicable statutes of limitations tolled, pending completion of the arbitration."
|Section 15 of Terms of Service<ref>{{Cite web |title=Terms of Service - Hytale |url=https://hytale.com/terms-of-service |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260119193922/https://hytale.com/terms-of-service |archive-date=2026-01-19 |access-date=2026-01-22 |website=Hytale}}</ref>
|"You may opt out of arbitration by sending written notice to arbitration-optout@hytale.com within thirty (30) days of first accepting these Terms. Your written notification must include your (a) full legal name, mailing address, and phone number; (b) Account username and the e-mail address associated with your Account; and (c) a clear statement that you do not wish to resolve disputes through arbitration. Any opt-out notification received after the deadline described in this Section 15.13 will be invalid. If you opt out, Disputes will be resolved in the courts specified in Section 16."
|
|-
|[[Instagram]]
|[[Meta|Meta Platforms Inc.]]
|"Except as provided below, you and we agree that any cause of action, legal claim, or dispute between you and us arising out of or related to these Terms or Instagram ("claim(s)") must be resolved by arbitration on an individual basis. [[Class action|Class actions]] and class arbitrations are not permitted; you and we may bring a claim only on your own behalf and cannot seek relief that would affect other Instagram users."
|Section 7.4 of[https://help.instagram.com/581066165581870/ Terms of Use]
|
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|-
|[[Itch.io]]
|Itch.io
|"You and company agree not to bring or participate in a class, collective, or representative action, private attorney general action or collective arbitration, even if arbitration procedures or rules would otherwise allow one."
|Section 15 of Terms of Service<ref>{{Cite web |title=itch.io Terms of Service |url=https://itch.io/docs/legal/terms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260120012047/https://itch.io/docs/legal/terms |archive-date=2026-01-20 |access-date=2026-01-20 |website=itch.io}}</ref>
|
|No forced arbitration; revokes right to class-action lawsuit.
|-
|Meetup.com
|Bending Spoons US Inc.
|"If you have a dispute with Meetup, you agree to try to work it out directly with us first. If we can’t work it out, with limited exceptions, you must submit any dispute with us to a neutral arbitrator instead of taking the claim to a court of law. Claims can only be brought individually, and not as part of a class action. Members based in the European Union may have additional or different rights, as provided by applicable law."
|Section 9 of Terms of Service<ref>{{Cite web |title=Terms of Service - Meetup |url=https://help.meetup.com/hc/en-us/articles/360027447252-Terms-of-Service |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118004252/https://help.meetup.com/hc/en-us/articles/360027447252-Terms-of-Service |archive-date=2026-01-18 |access-date=2026-01-20 |website=Meetup}}</ref>
|"'''You may decline to resolve disputes through arbitration by emailing us at arbitration-opt-out@meetup.com within 30 days of the date you first agree to this Agreement.''' Your email must include your full name, residential address, the email address registered to your Meetup account, and a clear statement that you want to opt out of arbitration. If you opt out according to this process, then Section 9.2 of this Agreement does not apply to you. This opt-out does not affect any other sections of this Agreement, such as Sections 9.3 (Exceptions), 9.5 (Class Action Waiver), 11.5 (Governing Law), 11.6 (Judicial Forum), and 11.7 (Time for Filing)."
|
|-
|Mint Mobile
|T-Mobile US, Inc.
|Dispute Resolution. BY ACCEPTING THESE T&CS, YOU ARE AGREEING TO RESOLVE ANY DISPUTE WITH US THROUGH INDIVIDUAL BINDING ARBITRATION OR SMALL CLAIMS DISPUTE PROCEDURES, AND YOU ARE WAIVING YOUR RIGHTS TO A JURY TRIAL AND TO PARTICIPATE IN ANY CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT. MINT MOBILE AND YOU EACH AGREE THAT, EXCEPT AS PROVIDED BELOW, ANY AND ALL CLAIMS OR DISPUTES WILL BE RESOLVED BY INDIVIDUAL BINDING ARBITRATION OR IN SMALL CLAIMS COURT.
|Section 2 of [https://www.mintmobile.com/plan-terms-and-conditions/ Terms & Conditions]
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|-
|Miku
|Miku
|You and we agree that any dispute, claim or controversy, including those known or unknown that may be later discovered, arising out of or relating to these Terms, other agreements on the Services, or the Privacy Policy, or the breach, termination, enforcement, interpretation or validity thereof, including the determination of the scope or applicability of this agreement to arbitrate, shall be either determined by binding arbitration in New Jersey before one arbitrator or submitted to small claims court in New Jersey. If the arbitrator finds this location to be unreasonably burdensome to you, a new location may be selected or arbitration may be conducted over the phone, using video conferencing, or similar. You may be entitled to an in-person hearing near your place of residence. Judgment on the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction. This clause shall not preclude parties from seeking provisional remedies in aid of arbitration from a court of appropriate jurisdiction. Any arbitration arising out of or related to these Terms shall be conducted in accordance with the expedited procedures set forth in the JAMS Comprehensive Arbitration Rules and Procedures as those Rules exist on the effective date of these Terms, including Rules 16.1 and 16.2 of those Rules.
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20250713172646/https://mikucare.com/pages/terms-of-service#toc28 Miku Terms of Service]
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|-
|PayPal
|PayPal Holdings, Inc.
|You and PayPal agree that any claim or dispute at law or equity that has arisen or may arise between you and us will be resolved in accordance with the Agreement to Arbitrate provisions set forth below. Please read this information carefully. Among other things it:

*Affects your and our rights and will impact how claims between you and us are resolved, including your and our agreement to waive the right to trial by jury.

*Includes a Prohibition of Class and Representative Actions and Non-Individualized Relief pursuant to which you agree to waive your right to participate in a class action lawsuit against us.
*Requires you to follow the Opt-Out Procedure to opt-out of the Agreement to Arbitrate by mailing us a written notice that must be postmarked no later than 30 days after the date you accept this user agreement for the first time.
|[https://www.paypal.com/us/legalhub/paypal/useragreement-full?country.x=US&locale.x=en_US PayPal User Agreement (US version)]
|Mail within 30 days
|
|-
|Phreeli
|Phreeli Company
|You understand and agree that, by accepting this Agreement and using the Services, you waive the right to bring a claim against Phreeli in court or in front of a jury. You also waive the right to participate as a class representative or class member on any class claim that either side may have against the other, including class arbitrations or any consolidation of individual arbitrations.

To the maximum extent permitted under law, any claim, dispute, or controversy of whatever nature arising out of or relating to this Agreement and/or the Services must be resolved by final and binding arbitration under the American Arbitration Association’s (“AAA”) Rules for Arbitration of Consumer-Related Disputes. [...]

Despite any provision of applicable law, the arbitrator will not have power to award damages, remedies, or awards that conflict with this Agreement. The Subscriber agrees that regardless of any statute or law to the contrary, any claim or cause of action arising out of, related to, or connected with the use of Phreeli’s Services or this Agreement must be filed within one (1) year after that claim of action came to be or it will be forever banned. Unless the Subscriber and Phreeli agree otherwise, any arbitration hearings between Subscriber and Phreeli will take place in Sussex County, Delaware.

If any part of this arbitration clause is found to be unenforceable or unlawful for any reason, the unenforceable or unlawful parts should be removed from this Agreement. The removal of the unenforceable or unlawful provision should have no impact whatsoever on the rest of this arbitration clause or the parties’ ability to seek arbitration of any remaining claims on an individual basis under the arbitration clause. To the extent that any claims move forward on a class, collective, consolidated, or representative basis, those claims must be litigated in a civil court of competent jurisdiction and not in arbitration, and the parties agree that litigation of those claims shall be stayed pending the outcome of any individual claims in arbitration. These arbitration provisions will survive the termination of the Subscriber’s relationship with Phreeli.
|[https://www.phreeli.com/terms-of-service Phreeli Terms of Service]
|None within the Terms of Service
|
|-

|Powell's Books
|Powell's Books, Inc.
|"Any dispute arising out of or relating in any way to your use of this website or the purchase of merchandise from Powell's will be resolved by binding arbitration. The arbitration shall be conducted by a single arbitrator in the city of Portland, Oregon, USA, in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association ("AAA"). No claims of any other parties may be joined or otherwise combined in the arbitration proceeding."
|[https://www.powells.com/info/terms-of-use Terms and Conditions of Use]
|
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|-
|[[Proton]] Account, protonvpn.com, proton.me
|Proton
|"These Terms of Service contain a class action waiver as well as an arbitration provision, which requires you to arbitrate any claims (with certain exceptions) you may have on an individual basis. Arbitration on an individual basis means that you will not have, and that you waive, the right for a judge or jury to decide your claims, and that you may not proceed in a class, consolidated, or representative capacity in any forum, as described in more detail below."
|Section 13.1 of [https://proton.me/legal/terms Terms of Service]
|
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|-
|Redbubble
|Articore Group Limited
|"You agree that all Disputes, except those mentioned in the very next sentence, shall be resolved through binding arbitration, subject to the limitations described in Sections C and D, below. Disputes that may be brought in small claims court are not subject to arbitration."
|Section IV of [https://www.redbubble.com/agreement User Agreement]
|
|
|-
|[[Roku]] website, channel, account, or any Roku product or service
|Roku, Inc.
|"All claims arising out of or relating to your Roku account or any Roku product or service will be resolved exclusively through arbitration, according to these Dispute Resolution Terms, unless you opted out or another exception applies. We both agree that all claims may only be conducted on an individual basis (and not in a class, consolidated, or representative action)."
|[https://docs.roku.com/published/tos/en/us Website Terms of Use], [https://docs.roku.com/published/therokuchannel-userstermsandconditions/en/us Channel Terms of Use]
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|-
|[[Sony]] Playstation Network, PSN Content, PSN Devices
|Sony Entities
|"You and the Sony entity with which you have a dispute agree that arbitration will be conducted only on an individual basis and not in a class or representative action or as a named or unnamed member in a class, consolidated, representative or private attorney general action, unless both you and the Sony entity with which you have a dispute specifically agree to do so in writing following initiation of the arbitration."
|Section 14 of [https://www.playstation.com/en-us/legal/psn-terms-of-service/ Terms of Service]
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|-
|[[Spotify]]
|Spotify Technology
|"You and Spotify agree that each may bring claims against the other in arbitration or litigation only in your or its individual capacity and not as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class, collective, consolidated, private attorney general, or representative action. "
|Arbitration Agreement under Section 6 of [https://www.spotify.com/us/legal/end-user-agreement/ Terms of Use]
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|-
|Spreadshirt
|Spreadshirt, Inc.
|"The parties agree that any dispute arising out of or relating to this agreement must be submitted to confidential binding arbitration in Boston, Massachusetts, except that Spreadshirt may seek injunctive or other appropriate relief in any state or federal court in Massachusetts if you have violated or threatened to violate the intellectual property rights of Spreadshirt or a third party, or any term of any agreement you have with Spreadshirt"
|Section 13 of [https://www.spreadshirt.com/terms-and-conditions-for-customers-C2377 General Terms and Conditions]
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|-
|[[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]]
|Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC
|"The parties agree that, except as provided below, any dispute, claim, or controversy relating in any way to the terms or your use of the marketplace, which includes all products or services sold, distributed, issued, or serviced by or through us—irrespective of when that dispute, claim, or controversy arose—will be resolved solely by binding arbitration as set forth in the terms, rather than in court. By agreeing to arbitration, the parties agree to waive any right to a jury trial and agree that you and we may bring claims against each other only in an individual capacity, and not as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class proceeding."
|Section 14 of [https://legal.ticketmaster.com/terms-of-use/ Terms of Use]
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|-
|Western Digital Products and Services, and other select products and services chosen by WDT
|Western Digital Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliates
|"You and WDT agree that, failing informal resolution, any Disputes shall be resolved by binding individual arbitration pursuant to the terms set forth in this Agreement. Arbitration means that you waive your right to a judge or jury in a court proceeding and your grounds for appeal are limited."
|Section 11 of [https://www.westerndigital.com/legal/terms-and-conditions-of-sale-consumer Terms of Sale]
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|Yahoo Inc., and all of its brands, and combined products and services (including AOL brands)
|Yahoo Inc.
|"You and us both agree to resolve any and all disputes, controversies or claims that in any way arise out of or relate to these terms or from any services you receive from us (or from any advertising for any such services), including any disputes between you and our employees or agents (“dispute(s)”), only by arbitration on an individual basis."
|Section 14b of [https://legal.yahoo.com/us/en/yahoo/terms/otos/index.html Terms of Service]
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|ZeniMax, Inc. and subsidiaries; purchase, receipt, use of video games, and other services made available by ZeniMax
|ZeniMax Media, Inc.
|"You and ZeniMax agree that all Disputes (defined below) shall be resolved only by binding, individual arbitration under the U.S. Federal Arbitration Act (“FAA”). You and ZeniMax are giving up the right to sue in court before a judge or jury. Instead, a neutral arbitrator decides the Dispute; the arbitrator's decision is final, subject to limited review under the FAA."
|Section 15 of [https://www.zenimax.com/en/legal/terms-of-service Terms of Service]
|Mail within 30 days of first agreeing
|Exception: residents of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, or Norway (collectively, the "'''EEA'''"), Switzerland, United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, Japan, New Zealand, or Turkey.
Class action and mass arbitration waiver.
|-
|[[Zoom]]
|Zoom Communications, Inc., and affiliates
|"You agree to resolve certain disputes with Zoom through binding arbitration (“Arbitration Agreement”). Arbitration means that an arbitrator, and not a judge or a jury, will decide the dispute. The parties expressly waive the right to bring or participate in any kind of class, collective, or mass action, private attorney general action, or any other representative action."
|Section 27 of [https://www.zoom.com/en/trust/terms/?lang=null Terms of Service]
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|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Lists]]

Consumer Rights Wiki - User contributions [en]

List of products and services with forced arbitration