Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act - Revision history

Sojourna: Clean-up.

2026-02-27T02:24:37Z

Clean-up.

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:24, 27 February 2026
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	~~[[Category:Legislation]]~~		<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's text and give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->
	<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's ~~textand~~ give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->~~[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act~~\|~~The Magnuson-Moss~~ Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|~~last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date~~= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260101060738/https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|archive-date=1 Jan 2026}}</ref>
			The '''{{Wplink\|Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act}}''' (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org \|date= \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260101060738/https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|archive-date=1 Jan 2026}}</ref>

	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	The intention of The Act is to establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure, make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers, and to enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|~~last~~=~~Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023~~ \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251024142031/https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|archive-date=24 Oct 2025}}</ref>		The intention of The Act is to establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure, make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers, and to enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website=Conn Law, PC \|date=26 Aug 2023 \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251024142031/https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|archive-date=24 Oct 2025}}</ref>

	===Key provisions===		===Key provisions===
	~~Warranty disclosure standards~~		Warranties must be written in clear, simple language and disclose terms conspicuously. They must specify:
	:Warranties must be written in clear, simple language and disclose terms conspicuously~~, they~~ must specify:
	:*Coverage details and duration.		:*Coverage details and duration.
	:*Remedies available.		:*Remedies available.
	:*Exclusions and limitations.		:*Exclusions and limitations.
	:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|~~last= \|first= \|date~~= \|title=Businessperson's Guide to Federal Warranty Law ~~{{!}} Federal Trade Commission~~ \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website=~~ftc.gov}} (~~[http://web.archive.org/web/20260114172714/https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law ~~Archived])~~</ref>		:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Businessperson's Guide to Federal Warranty Law \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website=[[Federal Trade Commission]] \|date= \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260114172714/https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|archive-date=14 Jan 2026}}</ref>
	===Full ~~vs.~~ limited warranties===
	'''Full warranty'''		===Full versus limited warranties===
	:Must meet federal minimum standards including free repair/replacement, no time limits on implied warranties, and option for refund/replacement after reasonable repair attempts.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~>		*'''Full warranty'''
	'''Limited warranty'''		:Must meet federal minimum standards including free repair/replacement, no time limits on implied warranties, and option for refund/replacement after reasonable repair attempts.<ref name=":1" />
			*'''Limited warranty'''
	:Any warranty that doesn't meet full warranty standards must be conspicuously designated as "limited".		:Any warranty that doesn't meet full warranty standards must be conspicuously designated as "limited".
	'''Implied warranties'''		*'''Implied warranties'''
	:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></~~ref~~>		:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3" />

	===Prohibitions===		===Prohibitions===
	*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|~~last= \|first= \|date~~= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251231115036/https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|archive-date=31 Dec 2025}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|~~last~~= ~~\|first= \|date=2018-07-31~~ \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=~~ECOGUARD~~ \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251017193056/https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>		*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association \|date= \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251231115036/https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|archive-date=31 Dec 2025}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGARD \|date=31 Jul 2018 \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251017193056/https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>
	*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></~~ref~~>		*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3" />
	*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></~~ref~~>		*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3" />

	===Consumer remedies===		===Consumer remedies===
	Legal action: Consumers can sue for breach of warranty and recover:		'''Legal action:''' Consumers can sue for breach of warranty and recover:
	*Damages		*Damages
	*Costs and expenses		*Costs and expenses
	*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~>		*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).<ref name=":1" />
	Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~>
			'''Alternative dispute resolution:''' The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute [[Forced arbitration\|mandatory arbitration]] clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1" />

	===Scope and limitations===		===Scope and limitations===
	*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|~~last= \|first= \|date~~= \|title=Text of S. 356 (93rd): Magnuson-Moss Act (Passed Congress version) \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website=GovTrack \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251018000952/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|archive-date=18 Oct 2025}}</ref>		*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|author= \|title=Text of S. 356 (93rd): Magnuson-Moss Act (Passed Congress version) \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website=GovTrack \|date= \|access-date=26 Feb 2026 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251018000952/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|archive-date=18 Oct 2025}}</ref>
	*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".		*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".
	*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~>		*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1" />
	*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~><ref name=":2"></~~ref~~>		*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

	==Historical enforcement incidents==		==Historical enforcement incidents==
	*General Motors Engine Interchange Litigation (1981): A class action alleged GM breached warranties by using Chevrolet engines in Oldsmobiles without disclosure. The case involved both written warranty and implied warranty claims under The Act.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~>		*General Motors Engine Interchange Litigation (1981): A class action alleged GM breached warranties by using Chevrolet engines in Oldsmobiles without disclosure. The case involved both written warranty and implied warranty claims under The Act.<ref name=":1" />
	*Skelton v. General Motors (1981): The 7th Circuit ruled that general advertising claims don't constitute "written warranties" under The Act, limiting the scope of actionable warranty statements.		*Skelton v. General Motors (1981): The 7th Circuit ruled that general advertising claims don't constitute "written warranties" under The Act, limiting the scope of actionable warranty statements.
	*Kolev v. Porsche Cars North America (2011): Initially found pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses violated The Act, though this decision was later withdrawn.		*Kolev v. Porsche Cars North America (2011): Initially found pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses violated The Act, though this decision was later withdrawn.
	*Hyundai/Kia Theta II Engine Case (2018): The FTC issued compliance warnings against Hyundai and Kia for attempting to require use of OEM parts to maintain warranty coverage, violating tie-in sales prohibitions. The companies revised their warranty language after FTC intervention.<ref name=":1"></~~ref~~><ref name=":5"></~~ref~~>		*Hyundai/Kia Theta II Engine Case (2018): The FTC issued compliance warnings against Hyundai and Kia for attempting to require use of OEM parts to maintain warranty coverage, violating tie-in sales prohibitions. The companies revised their warranty language after FTC intervention.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" />
	*FTC's 2018 Industry-Wide Compliance Warnings: The FTC issued warnings to six major companies about illegal warranty terms, particularly regarding tie-in provisions and improper warranty voiding practices.<ref name=":5"></~~ref~~>		*FTC's 2018 Industry-Wide Compliance Warnings: The FTC issued warnings to six major companies about illegal warranty terms, particularly regarding tie-in provisions and improper warranty voiding practices.<ref name=":5" />

	''The Act'' is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.		''The Act'' is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.

	~~Toyota held liable for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name~~=":10">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250129195115/https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html "Ismael v. Goodman Toyota"] - archive.org - archived 2025-01-29</ref>		==References==
			{{Reflist}}

	"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (Toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (Toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":10" />

	~~==References==~~
	~~<references />~~
	[[Category:US legislation]]		[[Category:US legislation]]
			[[Category:Pro-consumer articles]]

Bananabot: Added archive URLs for 1 citation(s) using CRWCitationBot

2026-02-23T12:33:27Z

Added archive URLs for 1 citation(s) using CRWCitationBot

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:33, 23 February 2026
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	:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>		:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	===Prohibitions===		===Prohibitions===
	*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date=2018-07-31 \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGUARD \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251017193056/https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>		*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251231115036/https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|archive-date=31 Dec 2025}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date=2018-07-31 \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGUARD \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251017193056/https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>
	*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>

Bananabot: Added archive URLs for 5 citation(s) using CRWCitationBot

2026-02-23T05:56:55Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 05:56, 23 February 2026
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	[[Category:Legislation]]		[[Category:Legislation]]
	<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's textand give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>		<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's textand give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260101060738/https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|archive-date=1 Jan 2026}}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	The intention of The Act is to establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure, make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers, and to enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last=Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023 \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= }}</ref>		The intention of The Act is to establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure, make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers, and to enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last=Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023 \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251024142031/https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|archive-date=24 Oct 2025}}</ref>

	===Key provisions===		===Key provisions===
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	:*Remedies available.		:*Remedies available.
	:*Exclusions and limitations.		:*Exclusions and limitations.
	:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Businessperson's Guide to Federal Warranty Law {{!}} Federal Trade Commission \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website=ftc.gov}}</ref>		:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Businessperson's Guide to Federal Warranty Law {{!}} Federal Trade Commission \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website=ftc.gov}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114172714/https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law Archived])</ref>
	===Full vs. limited warranties===		===Full vs. limited warranties===
	'''Full warranty'''		'''Full warranty'''
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	:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>		:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	===Prohibitions===		===Prohibitions===
	*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date=2018-07-31 \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGUARD}}</ref>		*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date=2018-07-31 \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGUARD \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251017193056/https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>
	*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>
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	Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>		Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	===Scope and limitations===		===Scope and limitations===
	*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Text of S. 356 (93rd): Magnuson-Moss Act (Passed Congress version) \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website=GovTrack}}</ref>		*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Text of S. 356 (93rd): Magnuson-Moss Act (Passed Congress version) \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website=GovTrack \|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251018000952/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|archive-date=18 Oct 2025}}</ref>
	*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".		*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".
	*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>		*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>

2A02:C7C:1488:8700:24C9:1710:ECDD:A64B: fixed cite errors

2025-11-05T23:53:08Z

fixed cite errors

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:53, 5 November 2025
Line 10:		Line 10:
	:*Remedies available.		:*Remedies available.
	:*Exclusions and limitations.		:*Exclusions and limitations.
	:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website= }}</ref>		:*Procedures for obtaining service.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Businessperson's Guide to Federal Warranty Law {{!}} Federal Trade Commission \|url=https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law \|website=ftc.gov}}</ref>
	===Full vs. limited warranties===		===Full vs. limited warranties===
	'''Full warranty'''		'''Full warranty'''
Line 19:		Line 19:
	:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>		:The Act preserves state-law implied warranties (merchantability and fitness for particular purpose) and prohibits their disclaimer when a written warranty is provided.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	===Prohibitions===		===Prohibitions===
	*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website= }}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website= }}</ref>		*Tie-In sales provisions: Manufacturers cannot require use of specific brands/parts (e.g., OEM parts) unless provided free of charge.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) \|url=https://www.autocare.org/government-relations/current-issues/Magnuson-Moss-Warranty-Act \|website=Auto Care Association}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date=2018-07-31 \|title=Navigating Aftermarket Parts and Car Warranties \|url=https://ecogard.com/resources/articles/magnuson-moss-protection-consumers-installers/ \|website=ECOGUARD}}</ref>
	*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Deceptive warranty terms: Warranties cannot mislead consumers about coverage or contain unfulfillable promises.<ref name=":3"></ref>
	*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>		*Disclaimer of implied warranties: When a written warranty or service contract is offered, implied warranties cannot be disclaimed.<ref name=":3"></ref>
Line 29:		Line 29:
	Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>		Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	===Scope and limitations===		===Scope and limitations===
	*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website= }}</ref>		*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title=Text of S. 356 (93rd): Magnuson-Moss Act (Passed Congress version) \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website=GovTrack}}</ref>
	*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".		*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".
	*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>		*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>

2600:1700:2E20:2850:9442:10F1:9714:8905: corrected a typo (labile to liable)

2025-08-13T00:05:23Z

corrected a typo (labile to liable)

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:05, 13 August 2025
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	''The Act'' is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.		''The Act'' is an important piece of legislation, but its enforcement is a mixed bag. Although it is enforced, often the fines are little to nothing, which encourages manufacturers to disregard it. This effectively prevents the act from properly keeping vendors accountable.

	Toyota held ~~labile~~ for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":10">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250129195115/https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html "Ismael v. Goodman Toyota"] - archive.org - archived 2025-01-29</ref>		Toyota held liable for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":10">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250129195115/https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html "Ismael v. Goodman Toyota"] - archive.org - archived 2025-01-29</ref>

	"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (Toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (Toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":10" />		"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (Toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (Toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":10" />

DzLamme: /* Purpose */

2025-07-30T09:54:34Z

Purpose

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:54, 30 July 2025
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	<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's textand give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>		<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's textand give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	~~Its primary objectives are~~ to:		The intention of The Act is to establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure, make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers, and to enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last=Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023 \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= }}</ref>
	*Make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers.
	*Establish federal standards for warranty content and ~~disclosure.~~
	*Enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last=Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023 \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= }}</ref>
	===Key provisions===		===Key provisions===
	Warranty disclosure standards		Warranty disclosure standards

Keith: removed incomplete and put the TODO into a comment

2025-07-30T09:18:14Z

removed incomplete and put the TODO into a comment

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:18, 30 July 2025
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	~~{{Incomplete}}~~

	[[Category:Legislation]]		[[Category:Legislation]]
	TODO: Would like someone to look over ~~[https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/chapter-50~~ the law's ~~text]and~~ give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from ~~[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|~~Wikipedia]].		<!-- TODO: Would like someone to look over the law's textand give a more robust summary; until then the summary is from Wikipedia. -->[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>

	~~==Summary==~~
	[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	Its primary objectives are to:		Its primary objectives are to:

DzLamme: /* Summary */

2025-07-30T02:49:22Z

Summary

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:49, 30 July 2025
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	==Summary==		==Summary==
	The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>		[[wikipedia:Magnuson–Moss_Warranty_Act\|The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act]] (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	Its primary objectives are to:		Its primary objectives are to:

DzLamme: /* Consumer remedies */

2025-07-30T02:46:24Z

Consumer remedies

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:46, 30 July 2025
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	==Summary==		==Summary==
	The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (~~MMWA~~) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>		The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (The Act) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	Its primary objectives are to:		Its primary objectives are to:
Line 33:		Line 33:
	*Damages		*Damages
	*Costs and expenses		*Costs and expenses
	*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).~~<ref name=":1"></ref>~~<ref name=":1"></ref>		*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).<ref name=":1"></ref>
	Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>		Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	===Scope and limitations===		===Scope and limitations===
Line 41:		Line 41:
	*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":2"></ref>		*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":2"></ref>
	==Historical enforcement incidents==		==Historical enforcement incidents==
	*General Motors Engine Interchange Litigation (1981): A class action alleged GM breached warranties by using Chevrolet engines in Oldsmobiles without disclosure. The case involved both written warranty and implied warranty claims under ~~MMWA~~.<ref name=":1"></ref>		*General Motors Engine Interchange Litigation (1981): A class action alleged GM breached warranties by using Chevrolet engines in Oldsmobiles without disclosure. The case involved both written warranty and implied warranty claims under The Act.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	*Skelton v. General Motors (1981): The 7th Circuit ruled that general advertising claims don't constitute "written warranties" under ~~MMWA~~, limiting the scope of actionable warranty statements.		*Skelton v. General Motors (1981): The 7th Circuit ruled that general advertising claims don't constitute "written warranties" under The Act, limiting the scope of actionable warranty statements.
	*Kolev v. Porsche Cars North America (2011): Initially found pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses violated ~~MMWA~~, though this decision was later withdrawn.		*Kolev v. Porsche Cars North America (2011): Initially found pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses violated The Act, though this decision was later withdrawn.
	*Hyundai/Kia Theta II Engine Case (2018): The FTC issued compliance warnings against Hyundai and Kia for attempting to require use of OEM parts to maintain warranty coverage, violating tie-in sales prohibitions. The companies revised their warranty language after FTC intervention.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":5"></ref>		*Hyundai/Kia Theta II Engine Case (2018): The FTC issued compliance warnings against Hyundai and Kia for attempting to require use of OEM parts to maintain warranty coverage, violating tie-in sales prohibitions. The companies revised their warranty language after FTC intervention.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":5"></ref>
	*FTC's 2018 Industry-Wide Compliance Warnings: The FTC issued warnings to six major companies about illegal warranty terms, particularly regarding tie-in provisions and improper warranty voiding practices.<ref name=":5"></ref>		*FTC's 2018 Industry-Wide Compliance Warnings: The FTC issued warnings to six major companies about illegal warranty terms, particularly regarding tie-in provisions and improper warranty voiding practices.<ref name=":5"></ref>
Line 50:		Line 50:
	Toyota held labile for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":10">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250129195115/https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html "Ismael v. Goodman Toyota"] - archive.org - archived 2025-01-29</ref>		Toyota held labile for all damages in used car's in-warranty repair case - June 16, 1992. <ref name=":10">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250129195115/https://law.justia.com/cases/north-carolina/court-of-appeals/1992/9110dc643-1.html "Ismael v. Goodman Toyota"] - archive.org - archived 2025-01-29</ref>

	"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (Toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (~~toyota~~) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":10" />		"Due to the purchase of the subject vehicle in used `as is' condition, the Defendant (Toyota) dealer assumed and bore no responsibility for subsequent repair of the vehicle or its road worthiness. " the plaintiff (vehicle owner) was found to be correct and the defendant (Toyota) was found liable for damages plaintiff (vehicle owner) suffered as a result of that violation<ref name=":10" />

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />
	[[Category:US legislation]]		[[Category:US legislation]]

DzLamme: citations details

2025-07-30T02:43:04Z

citations details

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:43, 30 July 2025
Line 5:		Line 5:

	==Summary==		==Summary==
	The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/~~the-~~magnuson-moss~~-warranty-act-an~~-overview/ \|website= ~~}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.autosafety~~.org~~/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=~~ }}</ref>		The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (MMWA) is a landmark U.S. federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.) enacted on January 4, 1975, to govern consumer product warranties. Sponsored by Senator Warren G. Magnuson and Representative John E. Moss, the Act was designed to address widespread misuse of warranties by manufacturers, particularly through unfair disclaimers and misleading practices.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Brooks \|first=Michael \|date= \|title=Magnuson-Moss Overview \|url=https://www.autosafety.org/magnuson-moss-overview/ \|website=autosaftey.org }}</ref>
	===Purpose===		===Purpose===
	Its primary objectives are to:		Its primary objectives are to:
	*Make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers.		*Make warranties more transparent and enforceable for consumers.
	*Establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure.		*Establish federal standards for warranty content and disclosure.
	*Enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= }}</ref>		*Enhance the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) consumer protection capabilities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web \|last=Conn \|first=Elliot \|date=August 26, 2023 \|title=Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act: A Guide for Consumers \|url=https://connlawpc.com/blog/magnuson-moss-warranty-act/ \|website= }}</ref>
	===Key provisions===		===Key provisions===
	Warranty disclosure standards		Warranty disclosure standards
Line 33:		Line 33:
	*Damages		*Damages
	*Costs and expenses		*Costs and expenses
	*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).<ref name=":0"></ref><ref name=":1"></ref>		*Attorney's fees (a significant provision making lawsuits economically viable).<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":1"></ref>
	Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>		Alternative dispute resolution: The FTC encourages informal settlement procedures, though pre-dispute mandatory arbitration clauses are controversial.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	===Scope and limitations===		===Scope and limitations===
	*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website= }}</ref>		*Applies only to consumer products (tangible personal property for personal/household use) costing more than $15.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|date= \|title= \|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/93/s356/text \|website= }}</ref>
	*Does not require products to have warranties (can be sold "as is").		*Does not require products to have warranties, can be sold "as is".
	*Primarily covers written warranties; oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>		*Primarily covers written warranties, oral promises are excluded.<ref name=":1"></ref>
	*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":2"></ref>		*Does not preempt state laws, working alongside state lemon laws and UCC provisions.<ref name=":1"></ref><ref name=":2"></ref>
	==Historical enforcement incidents==		==Historical enforcement incidents==