m Removed red links; misc.
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another ref for play-serv
 
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**[[Google Play Store|Play Store]]
**[[Google Play Store|Play Store]]


*'''{{Wplink|Google Play Services}}''' (which [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.gms contains <code>gms</code> in its package-name])<ref>{{Cite web |title=universal-android-debloater-next-generation |url=https://github.com/Universal-Debloater-Alliance/universal-android-debloater-next-generation/blob/d288860ac8099c454e570d20e55b6923f57edb67/resources/assets/uad_lists.json#L28942-L28944 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260329063301/https://github.com/Universal-Debloater-Alliance/universal-android-debloater-next-generation/blob/d288860ac8099c454e570d20e55b6923f57edb67/resources/assets/uad_lists.json#L28942-L28944 |archive-date=2026-03-29 |website=[[GitHub]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=How Google Play services works on your device |url=https://support.google.com/android/answer/12319308 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251228123636/https://support.google.com/android/answer/12319308 |archive-date=2025-12-28 |access-date=2026-01-15 |website=Android Help}}</ref>
*'''{{Wplink|Google Play Services}}'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Learn about Google Play services |url=https://support.google.com/android/answer/10546414 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260629011230/https://support.google.com/android/answer/10546414 |archive-date=2026-06-29 |access-date=2026-06-30 |website=Android Help}}</ref> (which [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.gms contains <code>gms</code> in its package-name])<ref>{{Cite web |title=universal-android-debloater-next-generation |url=https://github.com/Universal-Debloater-Alliance/universal-android-debloater-next-generation/blob/d288860ac8099c454e570d20e55b6923f57edb67/resources/assets/uad_lists.json#L28942-L28944 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260329063301/https://github.com/Universal-Debloater-Alliance/universal-android-debloater-next-generation/blob/d288860ac8099c454e570d20e55b6923f57edb67/resources/assets/uad_lists.json#L28942-L28944 |archive-date=2026-03-29 |website=[[GitHub]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=How Google Play services works on your device |url=https://support.google.com/android/answer/12319308 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251228123636/https://support.google.com/android/answer/12319308 |archive-date=2025-12-28 |access-date=2026-01-15 |website=Android Help}}</ref>
*[[Google Play Integrity API|Play Integrity]] and Play Protect
*[[Google Play Integrity API|Play Integrity]] and Play Protect
*[[Android System SafetyCore|SafetyCore]]
*[[Android System SafetyCore|SafetyCore]]
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==Consumer-impact summary==
==Consumer-impact summary==
{{Ph-C-CIS}}GMS comes preinstalled on Google certified devices, leading to high market saturation among Android devices.{{Citation needed}} It's components are installed as system applications<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amadeo |first=Ron |date=2013-09-02 |title=Balky carriers and slow OEMs step aside: Google is defragging Android |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205043322/http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/ |archive-date=2013-12-05 |website=Ars Technica}}</ref>, making removal through standard methods impossible.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hassan |first=Sadique |date=2025-06-11 |title=How to Uninstall System Apps Without Root |url=https://droidwin.com/how-to-uninstall-system-apps-without-root/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250802011349/https://droidwin.com/how-to-uninstall-system-apps-without-root/ |archive-date=2025-08-02 |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=Droidwin}}</ref>
GMS comes preinstalled on Google certified devices, leading to high market saturation among Android devices.{{Citation needed}} It's components are installed as system applications<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amadeo |first=Ron |date=2013-09-02 |title=Balky carriers and slow OEMs step aside: Google is defragging Android |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205043322/http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/ |archive-date=2013-12-05 |website=Ars Technica}}</ref>, making removal through standard methods impossible.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hassan |first=Sadique |date=2025-06-11 |title=How to Uninstall System Apps Without Root |url=https://droidwin.com/how-to-uninstall-system-apps-without-root/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250802011349/https://droidwin.com/how-to-uninstall-system-apps-without-root/ |archive-date=2025-08-02 |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=Droidwin}}</ref>


Google incentivizes developers to use (and depend on) GMS APIs in order to lock them in. This increases dependence on GMS and contributes to Google's monopoly on Android.{{Citation needed}}
Google incentivizes developers to use (and depend on) GMS APIs in order to lock them in. This increases dependence on GMS and contributes to Google's monopoly on Android.{{Citation needed}}


Some examples of 3rd-party apps that break when Play Services is disabled:
Some examples of 3rd-party apps that break when Play Services is disabled (see [https://plexus.techlore.tech/ Plexus] for details):


*[[WhatsApp]]
*[[WhatsApp]]
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==Incidents==
==Incidents==
{{Ph-C-Inc}}
This is a list of all consumer-protection incidents related to this product. Any incidents not mentioned here can be found in the [[:Category:{{PAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}} category]].
This is a list of all consumer-protection incidents related to this product. Any incidents not mentioned here can be found in the [[:Category:{{PAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}} category]].