Monopoly: Difference between revisions

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==Examples==

*American Tobacco (1890-1907).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>

;*American Tobacco (1890-1907).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>

*Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) ~~was~~ created in 2008 from the merger of the two largest beer companies, Anheuser-Busch and InBev. 1.88 billion hectolitres produced globally (one hectoliter equals 100 liters or 26.5 gallons U.S.). AB InBev accounting for 506 million hectoliters, more than double the production of the second largest company, Heineken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conway |first=Jan |date=December 11, 2024 |title=Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) - Statistics & Facts |url=https://www.statista.com/topics/1904/anheuser-busch-inbev-ab-inbev/#topicOverview |website=statista.com}}</ref>

;*Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev):

*Carnegie Steel Company (1900).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>

::Was created in 2008 from the merger of the two largest beer companies, Anheuser-Busch and InBev. 1.88 billion hectolitres produced globally (one hectoliter equals 100 liters or 26.5 gallons U.S.). AB InBev accounting for 506 million hectoliters, more than double the production of the second largest company, Heineken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conway |first=Jan |date=December 11, 2024 |title=Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) - Statistics & Facts |url=https://www.statista.com/topics/1904/anheuser-busch-inbev-ab-inbev/#topicOverview |website=statista.com}}</ref>

*De Beers Group:

;*Carnegie Steel Company (1900).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>

:Established by Cecil Rhodes in 1888.They have faced numerous allegations throughout its history. He purchased the remaining mines and diamonds from other companies, nearly 85% of the diamond market fell into the hands of Da Beers Group. It began to lose its control in the 1950s when new mines were discovered in other parts of the world. They are responsible for 30% of diamond sales globally and have been accused of limiting the supply of diamonds to manipulate its prices.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share.|website=Statista}}</ref>

;*De Beers Group:

*[[Google]].

::Established by Cecil Rhodes in 1888.They have faced numerous allegations throughout its history. He purchased the remaining mines and diamonds from other companies, nearly 85% of the diamond market fell into the hands of Da Beers Group. It began to lose its control in the 1950s when new mines were discovered in other parts of the world. They are responsible for 30% of diamond sales globally and have been accused of limiting the supply of diamonds to manipulate its prices.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share.|website=Statista}}</ref>

*Luxottica.

;*[[Google]].

*[[Microsoft]] [[Windows]]

;*Luxottica:

*[[Nvidia]] ~~uses~~ its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.

::It accounts for 25% of eyewear sales worldwide, 80% of eyewear brands rely on Luxottica to design and manufacture glasses for them.

*Standard Oil (1900).

;*[[Microsoft]] [[Windows]]

*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whalley |first=Jason |last2=Curwen |first2=Peter |date=February 2007 |title=Internationalization and De-internationalization in the Telecommunications Industry |url=https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1235&context=mjlst |website=scholarship.law.umn.edu}}</ref>

;*[[Nvidia]]:

*[[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.

::Uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.

*Tyson Foods.

;*Standard Oil (1900).

*Yoshida Kogyo KabushikiKaisha (YKK) ~~founded~~ in 1934, currently controls 90% of the zipper market and is rarely accused of being a monopoly.

;*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T):

::It was the largest and only telecommunications company in both the United States and Canada for most of the 20th century. Moreover, it kept on purchasing small communications companies to eliminate any competition and controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whalley |first=Jason |last2=Curwen |first2=Peter |date=February 2007 |title=Internationalization and De-internationalization in the Telecommunications Industry |url=https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1235&context=mjlst |website=scholarship.law.umn.edu}}</ref>

;*Tyson Foods.

;*Yoshida Kogyo KabushikiKaisha (YKK):

::Founded in 1934, currently controls 90% of the zipper market and is rarely accused of being a monopoly.

==References==

@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 ==Examples==
-*American Tobacco (1890-1907).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>
+;*American Tobacco (1890-1907).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>
-*Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) was created in 2008 from the merger of the two largest beer companies, Anheuser-Busch and InBev. 1.88 billion hectolitres produced globally (one hectoliter equals 100 liters or 26.5 gallons U.S.). AB InBev accounting for 506 million hectoliters, more than double the production of the second largest company, Heineken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conway |first=Jan |date=December 11, 2024 |title=Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) - Statistics & Facts |url=https://www.statista.com/topics/1904/anheuser-busch-inbev-ab-inbev/#topicOverview |website=statista.com}}</ref>
+;*Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev):
-*Carnegie Steel Company (1900).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>
+::Was created in 2008 from the merger of the two largest beer companies, Anheuser-Busch and InBev. 1.88 billion hectolitres produced globally (one hectoliter equals 100 liters or 26.5 gallons U.S.). AB InBev accounting for 506 million hectoliters, more than double the production of the second largest company, Heineken.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conway |first=Jan |date=December 11, 2024 |title=Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) - Statistics & Facts |url=https://www.statista.com/topics/1904/anheuser-busch-inbev-ab-inbev/#topicOverview |website=statista.com}}</ref>
-*De Beers Group:
+;*Carnegie Steel Company (1900).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>
-:Established by Cecil Rhodes in 1888.They have faced numerous allegations throughout its history. He purchased the remaining mines and diamonds from other companies, nearly 85% of the diamond market fell into the hands of Da Beers Group. It began to lose its control in the 1950s when new mines were discovered in other parts of the world. They are responsible for 30% of diamond sales globally and have been accused of limiting the supply of diamonds to manipulate its prices.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share.|website=Statista}}</ref>
+;*De Beers Group:
-*[[Google]].
+::Established by Cecil Rhodes in 1888.They have faced numerous allegations throughout its history. He purchased the remaining mines and diamonds from other companies, nearly 85% of the diamond market fell into the hands of Da Beers Group. It began to lose its control in the 1950s when new mines were discovered in other parts of the world. They are responsible for 30% of diamond sales globally and have been accused of limiting the supply of diamonds to manipulate its prices.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share.|website=Statista}}</ref>
-*Luxottica.
+;*[[Google]].
-*[[Microsoft]] [[Windows]]
+;*Luxottica:
-*[[Nvidia]] uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.
+::It accounts for 25% of eyewear sales worldwide, 80% of eyewear brands rely on Luxottica to design and manufacture glasses for them.
-*Standard Oil (1900).
+;*[[Microsoft]] [[Windows]]
-*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whalley |first=Jason |last2=Curwen |first2=Peter |date=February 2007 |title=Internationalization and De-internationalization in the Telecommunications Industry |url=https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1235&context=mjlst |website=scholarship.law.umn.edu}}</ref>
+;*[[Nvidia]]:
-*[[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.
+::Uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.
-*Tyson Foods.
+;*Standard Oil (1900).
-*Yoshida Kogyo KabushikiKaisha (YKK) founded in 1934, currently controls 90% of the zipper market and is rarely accused of being a monopoly.
+;*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T):
+::It was the largest and only telecommunications company in both the United States and Canada for most of the 20th century. Moreover, it kept on purchasing small communications companies to eliminate any competition and controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whalley |first=Jason |last2=Curwen |first2=Peter |date=February 2007 |title=Internationalization and De-internationalization in the Telecommunications Industry |url=https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1235&context=mjlst |website=scholarship.law.umn.edu}}</ref>
+;*Tyson Foods.
+;*Yoshida Kogyo KabushikiKaisha (YKK):
+::Founded in 1934, currently controls 90% of the zipper market and is rarely accused of being a monopoly.
 ==References==