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{{InfoboxProductLine
{{ProductLineCargo
| Title = {{PAGENAME}}
|ArticleType=Service
| Release Year =2017
|Category=Television transmission protocol
| Product Type =Television Transmission Protocol
|Company=Advanced Television Systems Committee
| In Production =Yes  
|InProduction=Yes
| Official Website =https://watchnextgentv.com/  
|Logo=NextGenTV logo.png
| Logo =NextGenTVBug.png
|ReleaseYear=2017
|Website=https://watchnextgentv.com/
|Description=ATSC 3.0 is a television protocol for over-the-air broadcasting.
}}
}}


'''{{PAGENAME}}''', also known as '''NextGenTV,''' is a television protocol for terrestrial (over the air) broadcasting.<ref name":0"="" name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATSC_3.0</ref> It promises to deliver 4K resolution broadcast television using modern standards like HEVC, HDR, Dolby AC-4 and MPEG-H 3D audio.<ref name=":1" />
'''{{Wplink|ATSC 3.0}}''', also known as '''NextGenTV''' (in the U.S.A.) or '''TV 3.0 DTV+''' (in Brazil),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bucco |first=Rafael |title=Decreto vai confirmar padrão ATSC e faixa de 300 MHz para a TV 3.0 |trans-title=Decree will confirm ATSC standard and 300 MHz band for TV 3.0 |url=https://telesintese.com.br/decreto-vai-confirmar-padrao-atsc-e-faixa-de-300-mhz-para-a-tv-3-0/ |website=Telesintese |date=26 Jun 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251019023924/https://telesintese.com.br/decreto-vai-confirmar-padrao-atsc-e-faixa-de-300-mhz-para-a-tv-3-0/ |archive-date=19 Oct 2025 |language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author= |title=Globo inaugura primeira estação de TV 3.0 do Brasil e inicia testes com DTV+ |trans-title=Globo inaugurates Brazil's first TV 3.0 station and begins DTV+ tests |url=https://www.minhaoperadora.com.br/2025/06/globo-inaugura-primeira-estacao-de-tv-3-0-do-brasil-e-inicia-testes-com-dtv.html |website=Minha Operadora |date=24 Jun 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251017095229/https://www.minhaoperadora.com.br/2025/06/globo-inaugura-primeira-estacao-de-tv-3-0-do-brasil-e-inicia-testes-com-dtv.html |archive-date=17 Oct 2025 |language=pt-br}}</ref> is a television protocol for terrestrial (over-the-air) broadcasting. It promises to deliver over 4K resolution and 120 frames-per-second (FPS) broadcast television using modern standards like {{Wplink|High Efficiency Video Coding|HEVC}}, {{Wplink|High dynamic range|HDR}}, {{Wplink|Dolby AC-4}}, and {{Wplink|MPEG-H 3D Audio|MPEG-H 3D audio}}, alongside better "interaction among the broadcasters and the users".


==Consumer impact summary==
==Consumer impact summary==
NextGenTV has had privacy concerns over internet based viewer metrics/analytics and targeted advertising,<ref name=":1" /> voiced by FCC commissioner Geoffrey Starks in 2020.<ref>https://www.tvtechnology.com/atsc3/starks-warns-of-potential-privacy-data-issues-with-atsc-3-0</ref> More importantly, NextGenTV marked the introduction of [[Digital rights management]] and encryption to freely available television airwaves.<ref name=":1" />
{{Ph-C-CIS}}


The authority for encryption in ATSC 3.0 is called A3SA.<ref>https://a3sa.com/</ref> According to a article on Techhive,<ref name=":0">https://www.techhive.com/article/2009693/nextgen-tv-drm-puts-future-of-the-over-the-air-dvr-in-doubt.html</ref> restrictions that could be imposed by A3SA's DRM might include:
NextGenTV has had privacy concerns over internet-based viewer metrics and analytics, as well as targeted advertising, voiced by FCC commissioner Geoffrey Starks in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Balderston |first=Michael |title=Starks Warns of Potential Privacy, Data Issues With ATSC 3.0 |url=https://www.tvtechnology.com/atsc3/starks-warns-of-potential-privacy-data-issues-with-atsc-3-0 |website=tvtech |date=29 Jan 2020 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251017223604/https://www.tvtechnology.com/atsc3/starks-warns-of-potential-privacy-data-issues-with-atsc-3-0 |archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref> More importantly, NextGenTV introduced [[Digital rights management|DRM]] and encryption to freely available television airwaves.
 
The authority for encryption in ATSC 3.0 is called A3SA.<ref>{{Cite web |author= |title=Paving the Way for Enhanced Security |url=https://a3sa.com/ |website=A3SA |date= |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251215183632/https://a3sa.com/ |archive-date=15 Dec 2025}}</ref> According to an article on Techhive,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Newman |first=Jared |title=NextGen TV’s DRM puts future of the over-the-air DVR in doubt |url=https://www.techhive.com/article/2009693/nextgen-tv-drm-puts-future-of-the-over-the-air-dvr-in-doubt.html |website=TechHive |date=28 Jul 2023 |access-date=28 Mar 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251213194219/https://www.techhive.com/article/2009693/nextgen-tv-drm-puts-future-of-the-over-the-air-dvr-in-doubt.html |archive-date=13 Dec 2025}}</ref> restrictions that could be imposed by A3SA's DRM might include:


*Blocking or setting expiry dates on recordings
*Blocking or setting expiry dates on recordings
*Blocking remote access of tuners
*Blocking the remote access of tuners
*Always-on internet being required for viewing/streaming/playback
*Always-on internet is required for viewing/streaming/playback.
*Pairing recordings to the tuner it was recorded from
*Pairing recordings to the tuner from which it was recorded
*"Blessing" devices that pass the A3SA's DRM certification and licensing program
*"Blessing" devices that pass the A3SA's DRM certification and licensing program
The Techhive article also describes that implementation of DRM could increase the cost of tuners due to the required licensing and certification programs on vendors.


On certified devices, it was also discovered by Lon Seidman that tuner decryption certificates can expire after 10 to 30 years.<ref>https://blog.lon.tv/2024/01/30/atsc-3-tv-tuners-have-an-expiration-date-slow-progress-on-gateway-devices-and-more/</ref>
The Techhive article also describes that implementing DRM could increase the cost of tuners due to the required licensing and certification programs for vendors.
 
Lon Seidman also discovered that tuner decryption certificates can expire after 10 to 30 years on certified devices.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seidman |first=Lon |title=ATSC 3 TV Tuners Have an Expiration Date, Slow Progress on Gateway Devices and More.. |url=https://blog.lon.tv/2024/01/30/atsc-3-tv-tuners-have-an-expiration-date-slow-progress-on-gateway-devices-and-more/ |website=Lon.tv |date=30 Jan 2024 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130134957/https://blog.lon.tv/2024/01/30/atsc-3-tv-tuners-have-an-expiration-date-slow-progress-on-gateway-devices-and-more/ |archive-date=30 Jan 2024}}</ref>


==Incidents==
==Incidents==
Many major US ATSC 3.0 pilot stations started encrypting their broadcasts in 2023,<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://blog.lon.tv/2023/05/15/broadcasters-roll-out-restrictive-drm-encryption-on-atsc-3-0-broadcasts/</ref> locking out users of all pre-certification ATSC 3.0 tuners without decryption support. This has led to some resource websites like [https://www.rabbitears.info/ rabbitears.info] to become concerned about their future providing information on channels due to encryption becoming more widespread. They warn the site may be unable to operate as the tools for analysis of channels become inoperable on encrypted channels.<ref>https://www.rabbitears.info/static.php?name=atsc3_encryption</ref>
This is a list of all consumer-protection incidents related to this product line. Any incidents not mentioned here can be found in the [[:Category:{{PAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}} category]].


In cases where encrypted channels were able to be decrypted using certified tuners, it has been reported an active internet connection is required to tune or switch between encrypted channels.<ref>https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/03/the-adth-nextgen-tv-box-shows-us-just-how-bad-atsc-3-0-encrpytion-will-be/</ref>
===Major USA stations begin encrypting broadcasts with ATCS 3.0 (''2023'')===
Many major US ATSC 3.0 pilot stations started encrypting their broadcasts in 2023,<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Seidman |first=Lon |title=Broadcasters Roll Out Restrictive DRM Encryption on ATSC 3.0 Broadcasts |url=https://blog.lon.tv/2023/05/15/broadcasters-roll-out-restrictive-drm-encryption-on-atsc-3-0-broadcasts/ |website=Lon.tv |date=15 May 2023 |access-date=28 Mar 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516000510/https://blog.lon.tv/2023/05/15/broadcasters-roll-out-restrictive-drm-encryption-on-atsc-3-0-broadcasts/ |archive-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> locking out users of all pre-certification ATSC 3.0 tuners without decryption support. This has led to some resource websites like [https://www.rabbitears.info/ rabbitears.info] to become concerned about their future providing information on channels due to encryption becoming more widespread. They warned that the site may be unable to operate as the tools for analysis of channels become inoperable on encrypted channels.<ref>{{Cite web |author= |title=ATSC 3.0 Encryption |url=https://www.rabbitears.info/static.php?name=atsc3_encryption |website=RabbitEars |date= |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251215044905/https://www.rabbitears.info/static.php?name=atsc3_encryption |archive-date=15 Dec 2025}}</ref>


LG has also encountered patent issues trying to incorporate tuners into their TVs, which resulted in a dispute with Constellation Design Inc. that ended ATSC 3.0 tuner support in new LG televisions as of September 2023.<ref name=":1" /><ref>https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/26/new-lg-televisions-will-not-have-atsc-3-tuners-due-to-patent-dispute/</ref>
In cases where encrypted channels could be decrypted using certified tuners, it has been reported that an active internet connection is required to tune or switch between encrypted channels.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seidman |first=Lon |title=The ADTH Nextgen TV Box Shows Us Just How Bad ATSC 3.0 Encryption Will Be.. |url=https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/03/the-adth-nextgen-tv-box-shows-us-just-how-bad-atsc-3-0-encrpytion-will-be/ |website=Lon.tv |date=3 Sep 2023 |access-date=28 Mar 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251101180100/https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/03/the-adth-nextgen-tv-box-shows-us-just-how-bad-atsc-3-0-encrpytion-will-be/ |archive-date=1 Nov 2025}}</ref>
 
[[LG]] has also encountered patent issues trying to incorporate tuners into its TVs, which resulted in a dispute with Constellation Design Inc. that ended ATSC 3.0 tuner support in new LG televisions as of September 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seidman |first=Lon |title=New LG Televisions Will Not Have ATSC 3 Tuners Due to Patent Dispute |url=https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/26/new-lg-televisions-will-not-have-atsc-3-tuners-due-to-patent-dispute/ |website=Lon.tv |date=26 Sep 2023 |access-date=28 Mar 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251017091339/https://blog.lon.tv/2023/09/26/new-lg-televisions-will-not-have-atsc-3-tuners-due-to-patent-dispute/ |archive-date=17 Oct 2025}}</ref>
 
SiliconDust of HDHomeRun has engaged in official correspondence with the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) in response to Pearl TV (ATSC 3.0) with regards to "Authorizing the Permissive Use of the “Next Generation” Broadcast Television Standard (GN Docket No. 16-142)",<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Waldon |first=Gerard J. |title=Pearl Ex Parte Letter re HD HomeRun (7-18-25) |url=https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/107180407509394/1 |website=FCC |date=18 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104093516/https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/107180407509394/1 |archive-date=4 Jan 2026 |format=PDF}}</ref> pointing out Pearl TV is acting as a '''gatekeeper''' by deciding which tuners to allow and not allow even after being "certified" for NextGenTV ATSC 3.0 as well as making mention that strict '''exclusive use of (google) widevine''' prevents popular devices such as [[Roku]], [[Xbox]], [[Apple TV]], iPhone, iPad, [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], or Mac from ever accessing the encrypted channels.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kelsey |first=Nicholas J |title=Silicondust Response to Pearl Ex Parte Letter (7-22-25) |url=https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/10722712322683/1 |website=FCC |date=22 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251019215257/https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/10722712322683/1 |archive-date=19 Oct 2025 |format=PDF}}</ref> The two responded back and forth, and Pearl TV attempted to claim that SiliconDust was using a blacklisted chip. Pearl also claimed that SiliconDust must have a Widevine CDM license.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waldron |first=Gerard J. |title=Pearl Ex Parte Letter re HD HomeRun (Reply 7-25-25) |url=https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/1072583827524/1 |website=FCC |date=25 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104094613/https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/1072583827524/1 |archive-date=4 Jan 2026 |format=PDF}}</ref> SiliconDust responded by claiming Pearl continues to push false narratives. They point out they are "not required or expected to have the Level 1 CDM license described by Pearl," as well as stating that the "SoC part used in a video gateway device [the blacklisted chip], is not relevant in any way to viewers accessing ATSC 3.0 content."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kelsey |first=Nicholas J |title=SiliconDust Reply to 2nd Pearl |url=https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/107301849911610/1 |website=FCC |date=29 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104094355/https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/107301849911610/1 |archive-date=4 Jan 2026 |format=PDF}}</ref>
 
In follow-up to this incident, Nicholas J Kelsey — President of SiliconDust — met with the FCC where he goes over in detail how the broadcast industry is attempting to use ATSC 3.0 DRM to limit access to public airwaves illegally, stating that:
<blockquote>With support from LG, Silicondust wrote an app for LG televisions that played all unencrypted ATSC 3.0 channels and played all recordings made by the HDHomeRun of unencrypted ATSC 3.0 channels. <br /><br />
 
LG and Silicondust approached A3SA together. This in itself should be concerning, that '''we had to approach a private organization to try to get permission to make a consumer product where the sole purpose of the product was to enable people to watch and record the television being broadcast free on public airwaves. The five broadcast networks that make up the deciding members of the A3SA have asserted control over what was just five years ago a free market for TV receiver products. The free market is gone.'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kelsey |first=Nicholas J |title=SiliconDust Ex Parte Letter re FCC meeting (7-31-25) |url=https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/1080140138248/1 |website=FCC |date=1 Aug 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260104094159/https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/document/1080140138248/1 |archive-date=4 Jan 2026 |format=PDF}}</ref></blockquote>
 
It should be noted that discussions regarding the A3SA specifications and rules are forbidden from being referenced in filings due to [[Non-disclosure agreement|NDA]]s.
 
Pearl TV accuses SiliconDust HDHomeRun devices of using a chip manufactured by Chinese HiSilicon, which is black-listed by the U.S. government. It uses their reasoning to not approve SiliconDust HDHomeRun for DRM certification. This suggests that any component from a blacklisted company violates the industry's secret, non-disclosable rules concerning decryption.<ref name=":1" /> However, the SiliconDust devices have FCC certification and approval for sale in the U.S.A., indicating broadcast networks are trying to regulate tuner devices despite private industry having no authority. It is also worth noting that A3SA and Pearl's use of "selectively enforcing this rule" is based on the fact that their own DRM-certified device (Converter X1 by GTMedia, ''a Chinese company'') contains a similar chip that the U.S. government also blacklists. Moreover, GTMedia devices ran an outdated Android OS with known security vulnerabilities. This also caused a requirement for all apps to be side-loaded.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seidman |first=Lon |title=Did TV Broadcasters Just Admit to Selectively Enforcing Their Own Encryption Rules? |url=https://blog.lon.tv/2025/07/22/did-tv-broadcasters-just-admit-to-selectively-enforcing-their-own-encryption-rules/ |website=Lon.TV |date=22 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 Mar 2026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250927172546/https://blog.lon.tv/2025/07/22/did-tv-broadcasters-just-admit-to-selectively-enforcing-their-own-encryption-rules/ |archive-date=27 Sep 2025}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
[https://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=atsc3 rabbitears.info page on ATSC 3.0, listing encrypted channels.]
*[https://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=atsc3 RabbitEars' page on ATSC 3.0, listing encrypted channels.]
 
*[https://blog.lon.tv/2023/07/10/the-fcc-responds-to-my-atsc-3-encryption-complaint-they-want-to-hear-from-you/ Lon Seidman Blogpost on the FCC response to ATSC DRM]
[https://blog.lon.tv/2023/07/10/the-fcc-responds-to-my-atsc-3-encryption-complaint-they-want-to-hear-from-you/ Lon Seidman Blogpost on the FCC response to ATSC DRM]
*[[Digital rights management]]
*[[Discontinuation bricking]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]  
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Protocols]]
[[Category:Products]]
[[Category:Articles in need of additional work]]