Monopoly: Difference between revisions

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===Types of monopolies===

*Pure ~~Monopoly~~: One company has complete control over a product's supply, with no similar alternatives and significant obstacles for others to enter the market.

*Pure monopoly: One company has complete control over a product's supply, with no similar alternatives and significant obstacles for others to enter the market.

*Natural ~~Monopoly~~: One company can deliver a product or service more effectively than several companies could.

*Natural monopoly: One company can deliver a product or service more effectively than several companies could.

*Public ~~Monopoly~~: Government-controlled organizations that provide necessary services, such as water and electricity.

*Public monopoly: Government-controlled organizations that provide necessary services, such as water and electricity.

*Monopoly by merger: Gaining market control from acquisitions and mergers.

*Technological monopoly: Exclusive patent rights on a product or process preventing competition.

*Geographic monopoly: A single company dominates a specific geographic area.

*Government monopoly: State controlled companies.

*Monopolistic competition: This market structure includes many sellers who offer different products and have some level of market influence.

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==Examples==

* U.S. Steel (1900)

*U.S. Steel (1900)<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>

* Standard Oil (1900)

*Standard Oil (1900)

* American Tobacco (1890-1907)

*American Tobacco (1890-1907)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>

* [[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.

*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.

* De Beers Group had 90% market share in 1980 and 29% as of 2022.

*De Beers Group had 90% market share in 1980 and 29% as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share. |website=Statista}}</ref>

* [[Nvidia]] uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.

*[[Nvidia]] uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.

* [[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.

*[[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.

==References==

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ===Types of monopolies===
-*Pure Monopoly: One company has complete control over a product's supply, with no similar alternatives and significant obstacles for others to enter the market.
+*Pure monopoly: One company has complete control over a product's supply, with no similar alternatives and significant obstacles for others to enter the market.
-*Natural Monopoly: One company can deliver a product or service more effectively than several companies could.
+*Natural monopoly: One company can deliver a product or service more effectively than several companies could.
-*Public Monopoly: Government-controlled organizations that provide necessary services, such as water and electricity.
+*Public monopoly: Government-controlled organizations that provide necessary services, such as water and electricity.
+*Monopoly by merger: Gaining market control from acquisitions and mergers.
+*Technological monopoly: Exclusive patent rights on a product or process preventing competition.
+*Geographic monopoly: A single company dominates a specific geographic area.
+*Government monopoly: State controlled companies.
 *Monopolistic competition: This market structure includes many sellers who offer different products and have some level of market influence.
@@ Line 71: / Line 75: @@
 ==Examples==
-* U.S. Steel (1900)
+*U.S. Steel (1900)<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Founding of U.S. Steel and the Power of Public Opinion |url=https://www.library.hbs.edu/us-steel/exhibition/the-founding-of-u.s.-steel-and-the-power-of-public-opinion |website=Harvard Business School}}</ref>
-* Standard Oil (1900)
+*Standard Oil (1900)
-* American Tobacco (1890-1907)
+*American Tobacco (1890-1907)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Armentano |first=Dominick |date=March 1, 1971 |title=Antitrust History: The American Tobacco Case of 1911 |url=https://fee.org/articles/antitrust-history-the-american-tobacco-case-of-1911/ |website=fee.org}}</ref>
-* [[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.
+*[[AT&T|The American Telephone and Telegraph Company]] (AT&T) controlled telecommunications in America until 1982.
-* De Beers Group had 90% market share in 1980 and 29% as of 2022.
+*De Beers Group had 90% market share in 1980 and 29% as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaganmohan |first=Madhumitha |date=June 26, 2025 |title=Market share of the leading diamond mining companies worldwide in 2023 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/585450/market-share-of-diamond-supply-worldwide-by-producer/#:~:text=Market%20share%20of%20the%20leading%20diamond%20producers%20worldwide%202023&text=As%20of%202023%2C%20the%20Russian,global%20diamond%20production%20market%20share. |website=Statista}}</ref>
-* [[Nvidia]] uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.
+*[[Nvidia]] uses its market leader position to mislead consumers and threaten media.
-* [[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.
+*[[Ticketmaster Entertainment, LLC|Ticketmaster]] is often referred to as a monopoly of live events.
 ==References==