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===DRM on refrigerator water filters (''2017 - Present'')===
===DRM on refrigerator water filters (''2017 - Present'')===
{{Main|GE Refrigerator water filter DRM}}GE refrigerators manufactured since 2017 make use of RFID-based Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems in their water filtration units, preventing the use of third-party replacement filters.<ref name="GE-RPWFE">{{Cite web |title=Refrigerator – RPWFE Operation and Troubleshooting |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=19693 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241013043152/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=19693 |archive-date=13 Oct 2024 |access-date=13 Jan 2025 |website=GE Appliances |publisher=GE Appliances |quote=The RPWFE filter transitioned to a new design at the beginning of 2017}}</ref> These systems use 13.56 MHz ISO14443A passive RFID tags embedded in filter cartridges that communicate with readers inside the refrigerator cabinet.<ref name="patent">{{Cite patent|country=US|number=20150101669|status=application|title=Refrigerator Appliance and a Method for Monitoring a Water Filter Assembly Within the Same|pubdate=16 Apr 2015|fdate=14 Oct 2013|inventor=Krause, Andrew Reinhard|assign=General Electric Company}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 Jun 2016 |title=Google Patents |url=https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f2/85/5b/342cbcc87ca554/US20150101669A1.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250828142642/https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f2/85/5b/342cbcc87ca554/US20150101669A1.pdf |archive-date=28 Aug 2025 |access-date=28 Aug 2025 |website=Google}}</ref> When non-authenticated filters are detected, the system displays ''"Leak Detected"'' error messages & disables water & ice dispensing functionality entirely.<ref name="GE-leak">{{cite web |title=Refrigerator - Leak Detected Message on Display |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=23448 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821052851/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=23448 |archive-date=21 Aug 2025 |access-date=13 Jan 2025 |website=products.geappliances.com |publisher=GE Appliances}}</ref>
{{Main|GE Refrigerator water filter DRM}}
GE refrigerators manufactured since 2017 make use of RFID-based Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems in their water filtration units, preventing the use of third-party replacement filters.<ref name="GE-RPWFE">{{Cite web |title=Refrigerator – RPWFE Operation and Troubleshooting |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=19693 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241013043152/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=19693 |archive-date=13 Oct 2024 |access-date=13 Jan 2025 |website=GE Appliances |publisher=GE Appliances |quote=The RPWFE filter transitioned to a new design at the beginning of 2017}}</ref> These systems use 13.56 MHz ISO14443A passive RFID tags embedded in filter cartridges that communicate with readers inside the refrigerator cabinet.<ref name="patent">{{Cite patent|country=US|number=20150101669|status=application|title=Refrigerator Appliance and a Method for Monitoring a Water Filter Assembly Within the Same|pubdate=16 Apr 2015|fdate=14 Oct 2013|inventor=Krause, Andrew Reinhard|assign=General Electric Company}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 Jun 2016 |title=Google Patents |url=https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f2/85/5b/342cbcc87ca554/US20150101669A1.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250828142642/https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f2/85/5b/342cbcc87ca554/US20150101669A1.pdf |archive-date=28 Aug 2025 |access-date=28 Aug 2025 |website=Google}}</ref> When non-authenticated filters are detected, the system displays ''"Leak Detected"'' error messages & disables water & ice dispensing functionality entirely.<ref name="GE-leak">{{cite web |title=Refrigerator - Leak Detected Message on Display |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=23448 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821052851/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=23448 |archive-date=21 Aug 2025 |access-date=13 Jan 2025 |website=products.geappliances.com |publisher=GE Appliances}}</ref>


It is possible to request a filter bypass plug from GE that allows the refrigerator to dispense unfiltered water.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Refrigerator - Bypass Plug |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=35748 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220164722/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=35748 |archive-date=20 Feb 2025 |access-date=15 Aug 2025 |website=GE Appliances}}</ref> To receive the filter, the refrigerator must be registered with GE. Registering the appliance online requires the user to create a GE Appliances account and agree to [[Forced arbitration|mandatory arbitration]] with no opt-out.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Jun 2025 |title=Terms of Use |url=https://www.geappliances.com/privacy/terms.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815151611/https://www.geappliances.com/privacy/terms.htm |archive-date=15 Aug 2025 |access-date=28 Aug 2025 |website=GE Appliances}}</ref>
It is possible to request a filter bypass plug from GE that allows the refrigerator to dispense unfiltered water.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Refrigerator - Bypass Plug |url=https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=35748 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220164722/https://products.geappliances.com/appliance/gea-support-search-content?contentId=35748 |archive-date=20 Feb 2025 |access-date=15 Aug 2025 |website=GE Appliances}}</ref> To receive the filter, the refrigerator must be registered with GE. Registering the appliance online requires the user to create a GE Appliances account and agree to [[Forced arbitration|mandatory arbitration]] with no opt-out.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Jun 2025 |title=Terms of Use |url=https://www.geappliances.com/privacy/terms.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815151611/https://www.geappliances.com/privacy/terms.htm |archive-date=15 Aug 2025 |access-date=28 Aug 2025 |website=GE Appliances}}</ref>