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'''{{Wplink|Denuvo|Denuvo Anti-Tamper}}''' (not to be confused with Denuvo Anti-Cheat) is a video game [[DRM|digital-rights management]] (DRM) software developed as the successor to [[SecuROM]] by [[Sony]] Digital Audio Disc Corporation (DADC) since 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Purchese |first=Robert |date=19 Dec 2014 |title=Don't call it DRM: what's Denuvo Anti-Tamper? |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/denuvo-anti-tamper-drm |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=EuroGamer |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260206130702/https://www.eurogamer.net/denuvo-anti-tamper-drm |archive-date=6 Feb 2026}}</ref> After a buyout in 2018, it is now distributed by the company [[Irdeto]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Ivy |date=23 Jan 2018 |title=Irdeto acquires Denuvo in bid to beef up security for the games industry |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/irdeto-acquires-denuvo-in-bid-to-beef-up-security-in-the-games-industry |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Games Industry |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250831015024/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/irdeto-acquires-denuvo-in-bid-to-beef-up-security-in-the-games-industry |archive-date=31 Aug 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Ivy |date=29 Aug 2018 |title=Denuvo: "There is no uncrackable game. What we do is protect the initial sales" |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/denuvo-and-irdeto-on-protecting-early-sales-from-piracy |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Games Industry |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251123140716/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/denuvo-and-irdeto-on-protecting-early-sales-from-piracy |archive-date=23 Nov 2025}}</ref> It is commonly referred to simply as “Denuvo”, and it is currently the most advanced video-game DRM on the market. The goal of Denuvo is to make cracking a game as difficult as possible, in order to protect a game’s launch window.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Orland |first=Kyle |date=6 Feb 2018 |title=Denuvo: Our cracked RE7 protection is still better than nothing [Updated] |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/02/denuvo-our-cracked-re7-protection-is-still-better-than-nothing/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=ArsTechnica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260216035055/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/02/denuvo-our-cracked-re7-protection-is-still-better-than-nothing/ |archive-date=16 Feb 2026}}</ref> Denuvo does this successfully in most cases, but it has been cracked multiple times. These cracks have mostly been done by a mysterious cracker known as Empress.<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Anastasio |first=Cecilia |date=22 Feb 2021 |title=The Woman Bulldozing Video Games’ Toughest DRM |url=https://www.wired.com/story/empress-drm-cracking-denuvo-video-game-piracy/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Wired |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260128213433/https://www.wired.com/story/empress-drm-cracking-denuvo-video-game-piracy/ |archive-date=28 Jan 2026}}</ref>
'''{{Wplink|Denuvo|Denuvo Anti-Tamper}}''' (not to be confused with Denuvo Anti-Cheat) is a video game [[DRM|digital-rights management]] (DRM) software developed as the successor to [[SecuROM]] by [[Sony]] Digital Audio Disc Corporation (DADC) since 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Purchese |first=Robert |date=19 Dec 2014 |title=Don't call it DRM: what's Denuvo Anti-Tamper? |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/denuvo-anti-tamper-drm |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=EuroGamer |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260206130702/https://www.eurogamer.net/denuvo-anti-tamper-drm |archive-date=6 Feb 2026}}</ref> After a buyout in 2018, it is now distributed by the company [[Irdeto]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Ivy |date=23 Jan 2018 |title=Irdeto acquires Denuvo in bid to beef up security for the games industry |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/irdeto-acquires-denuvo-in-bid-to-beef-up-security-in-the-games-industry |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Games Industry |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250831015024/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/irdeto-acquires-denuvo-in-bid-to-beef-up-security-in-the-games-industry |archive-date=31 Aug 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Ivy |date=29 Aug 2018 |title=Denuvo: "There is no uncrackable game. What we do is protect the initial sales" |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/denuvo-and-irdeto-on-protecting-early-sales-from-piracy |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Games Industry |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251123140716/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/denuvo-and-irdeto-on-protecting-early-sales-from-piracy |archive-date=23 Nov 2025}}</ref> It is commonly referred to simply as “Denuvo”, and it is currently the most advanced video-game DRM on the market. The goal of Denuvo is to make cracking a game as difficult as possible, in order to protect a game’s launch window.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Orland |first=Kyle |date=6 Feb 2018 |title=Denuvo: Our cracked RE7 protection is still better than nothing [Updated] |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/02/denuvo-our-cracked-re7-protection-is-still-better-than-nothing/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=ArsTechnica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260216035055/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/02/denuvo-our-cracked-re7-protection-is-still-better-than-nothing/ |archive-date=16 Feb 2026}}</ref> Denuvo does this successfully in most cases, but it has been cracked multiple times. These cracks have mostly been done by a mysterious cracker known as Empress.<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Anastasio |first=Cecilia |date=22 Feb 2021 |title=The Woman Bulldozing Video Games’ Toughest DRM |url=https://www.wired.com/story/empress-drm-cracking-denuvo-video-game-piracy/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Wired |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260128213433/https://www.wired.com/story/empress-drm-cracking-denuvo-video-game-piracy/ |archive-date=28 Jan 2026}}</ref>
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Despite Denuvo's denials,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lemon |first=Marshall |date=4 Sep 2018 |title=Two Point Hospital no longer uses Denuvo DRM |url=https://www.vg247.com/two-point-hospital-no-longer-uses-denuvo-drm |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=VG247 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250709125840/https://www.vg247.com/two-point-hospital-no-longer-uses-denuvo-drm |archive-date=9 Jul 2025}}</ref> its software has been documented to consume a lot of computer resources,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Machkovech |first=Sam |date=26 Dec 2018 |title=Evidence continues to mount about how bad Denuvo is for PC gaming performance |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/evidence-continues-to-mount-about-how-bad-denuvo-is-for-pc-gaming-performance/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=ArsTechnica |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251113203606/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/evidence-continues-to-mount-about-how-bad-denuvo-is-for-pc-gaming-performance/ |archive-date=13 Nov 2025}}</ref> notably documented for ''Tekken 7''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vazquez |first=Suriel |date=14 Apr 2018 |title=DRM Software Causing Performance Issues In PC Version Of Tekken 7, Says Producer |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2018/04/14/drm-software-causing-performance-issues-in-pc-version-of-tekken-7-says-producer.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521071901/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2018/04/14/drm-software-causing-performance-issues-in-pc-version-of-tekken-7-says-producer.aspx |archive-date=21 May 2018 |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Game Informer}}</ref> and ''Sonic Mania Plus,''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leri |first=Michael |date=20 Jul 2018 |title=Sonic Mania Plus DRM Protection Slowing Down Legitimate Copies |url=https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/409231-sonic-mania-plus-drm-protection-slowing-down-legitimate-copies |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Game Revolution |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260206175135/https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/409231-sonic-mania-plus-drm-protection-slowing-down-legitimate-copies |archive-date=6 Feb 2026}}</ref> both games where slowdown is extremely detrimental to players, especially in competitive settings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 Nov 2017 |title=Does modern DRM really hurt gaming performance? |url=https://megagames.com/editorials/does-modern-drm-really-hurt-gaming-performance |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Mega Games |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251114171302/https://megagames.com/editorials/does-modern-drm-really-hurt-gaming-performance |archive-date=14 Nov 2025}}</ref> This slowdown often encourages users to prefer a crack of the game as soon as a crack releases, as seen by early cracks significantly harming sales.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tyson |first=Mark |date=13 Oct 2024 |title=Publishers face 20% game revenue reduction if Denuvo DRM is cracked quickly, according to new study |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/video-games/publishers-face-20-percent-game-revenue-reduction-if-denuvo-drm-is-cracked-quickly-according-to-new-study |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Tom's Hardware |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251019210731/https://www.tomshardware.com/video-games/publishers-face-20-percent-game-revenue-reduction-if-denuvo-drm-is-cracked-quickly-according-to-new-study |archive-date=19 Oct 2025}}</ref><!--I believe that DRM contributes to sales loss when a crack releases, moreso because the crack is the better version of the product on the market, plus also licensing fees for early/day 1 cracks are harmful for developers.-->Consumers who run lower-end hardware are often unable to even launch these games without running cracked versions, especially when the game's publisher has under-optimized it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bayley |first=Dominic |date=24 Sep 2024 |title=Are modern PC games badly optimized or is it just time to upgrade? |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/2455340/are-modern-pc-games-badly-optimized-or-is-it-just-time-to-upgrade.html |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=PCWorld |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260116000508/https://www.pcworld.com/article/2455340/are-modern-pc-games-badly-optimized-or-is-it-just-time-to-upgrade.html |archive-date=16 Jan 2026}}</ref>
Despite Denuvo's denials,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lemon |first=Marshall |date=4 Sep 2018 |title=Two Point Hospital no longer uses Denuvo DRM |url=https://www.vg247.com/two-point-hospital-no-longer-uses-denuvo-drm |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=VG247 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250709125840/https://www.vg247.com/two-point-hospital-no-longer-uses-denuvo-drm |archive-date=9 Jul 2025}}</ref> its software has been documented to consume a lot of computer resources,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Machkovech |first=Sam |date=26 Dec 2018 |title=Evidence continues to mount about how bad Denuvo is for PC gaming performance |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/evidence-continues-to-mount-about-how-bad-denuvo-is-for-pc-gaming-performance/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=ArsTechnica |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251113203606/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/evidence-continues-to-mount-about-how-bad-denuvo-is-for-pc-gaming-performance/ |archive-date=13 Nov 2025}}</ref> notably documented for ''Tekken 7''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vazquez |first=Suriel |date=14 Apr 2018 |title=DRM Software Causing Performance Issues In PC Version Of Tekken 7, Says Producer |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2018/04/14/drm-software-causing-performance-issues-in-pc-version-of-tekken-7-says-producer.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521071901/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2018/04/14/drm-software-causing-performance-issues-in-pc-version-of-tekken-7-says-producer.aspx |archive-date=21 May 2018 |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Game Informer}}</ref> and ''Sonic Mania Plus,''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leri |first=Michael |date=20 Jul 2018 |title=Sonic Mania Plus DRM Protection Slowing Down Legitimate Copies |url=https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/409231-sonic-mania-plus-drm-protection-slowing-down-legitimate-copies |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Game Revolution |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260206175135/https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/409231-sonic-mania-plus-drm-protection-slowing-down-legitimate-copies |archive-date=6 Feb 2026}}</ref> both games where slowdown is extremely detrimental to players, especially in competitive settings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 Nov 2017 |title=Does modern DRM really hurt gaming performance? |url=https://megagames.com/editorials/does-modern-drm-really-hurt-gaming-performance |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Mega Games |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251114171302/https://megagames.com/editorials/does-modern-drm-really-hurt-gaming-performance |archive-date=14 Nov 2025}}</ref> This slowdown often encourages users to prefer a crack of the game as soon as a crack releases, as seen by early cracks significantly harming sales.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tyson |first=Mark |date=13 Oct 2024 |title=Publishers face 20% game revenue reduction if Denuvo DRM is cracked quickly, according to new study |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/video-games/publishers-face-20-percent-game-revenue-reduction-if-denuvo-drm-is-cracked-quickly-according-to-new-study |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=Tom's Hardware |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251019210731/https://www.tomshardware.com/video-games/publishers-face-20-percent-game-revenue-reduction-if-denuvo-drm-is-cracked-quickly-according-to-new-study |archive-date=19 Oct 2025}}</ref><!--I believe that DRM contributes to sales loss when a crack releases, moreso because the crack is the better version of the product on the market, plus also licensing fees for early/day 1 cracks are harmful for developers.-->Consumers who run lower-end hardware are often unable to even launch these games without running cracked versions, especially when the game's publisher has under-optimized it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bayley |first=Dominic |date=24 Sep 2024 |title=Are modern PC games badly optimized or is it just time to upgrade? |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/2455340/are-modern-pc-games-badly-optimized-or-is-it-just-time-to-upgrade.html |url-status=live |access-date=5 Apr 2025 |website=PCWorld |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260116000508/https://www.pcworld.com/article/2455340/are-modern-pc-games-badly-optimized-or-is-it-just-time-to-upgrade.html |archive-date=16 Jan 2026}}</ref>


=== Machine Activation Limits<!-- Can steamcommunity be used as source? have to find out:  https://steamcommunity.com/app/2050650/discussions/0/4130430927307702044/  --> ===
===Machine Activation Limits<!-- Can steamcommunity be used as source? have to find out:  https://steamcommunity.com/app/2050650/discussions/0/4130430927307702044/  -->===
Many games that implement Denuvo's protections also come with machine activation limits, usually 5 activations per 24-hour period.[https://en.gamegpu.com/game/assassin-s-creed-shadows-drm-protection-day-and-limitation-to-5-activations-per-day] This stops consumers that have legally acquired their game software from being able to use it on all their devices by imposing arbitrary limits on activations.
Many games that implement Denuvo's protections also come with machine activation limits, usually 5 activations per 24-hour period.[https://en.gamegpu.com/game/assassin-s-creed-shadows-drm-protection-day-and-limitation-to-5-activations-per-day] This stops consumers that have legally acquired their game software from being able to use it on all their devices by imposing arbitrary limits on activations.



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Denuvo
Basic information
Founded 2014-09-26
Legal Structure Subsidiary
Industry Video games
Also known as
Official website https://irdeto.com/denuvo/

Denuvo Anti-Tamper (not to be confused with Denuvo Anti-Cheat) is a video game digital-rights management (DRM) software developed as the successor to SecuROM by Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation (DADC) since 2014.[1] After a buyout in 2018, it is now distributed by the company Irdeto.[2][3] It is commonly referred to simply as “Denuvo”, and it is currently the most advanced video-game DRM on the market. The goal of Denuvo is to make cracking a game as difficult as possible, in order to protect a game’s launch window.[4] Denuvo does this successfully in most cases, but it has been cracked multiple times. These cracks have mostly been done by a mysterious cracker known as Empress.[5]

General problems

High resource usage

Despite Denuvo's denials,[6] its software has been documented to consume a lot of computer resources,[7] notably documented for Tekken 7[8] and Sonic Mania Plus,[9] both games where slowdown is extremely detrimental to players, especially in competitive settings.[10] This slowdown often encourages users to prefer a crack of the game as soon as a crack releases, as seen by early cracks significantly harming sales.[11]Consumers who run lower-end hardware are often unable to even launch these games without running cracked versions, especially when the game's publisher has under-optimized it.[12]

Machine Activation Limits

Many games that implement Denuvo's protections also come with machine activation limits, usually 5 activations per 24-hour period.[1] This stops consumers that have legally acquired their game software from being able to use it on all their devices by imposing arbitrary limits on activations.

There are also accounts of being locked out of access to your game software by simply changing the Proton version you use multiple times to get the game working/running correctly.[2]

Notable anti-consumer events

October 2016:

The following games during were unavailable due to Denuvo's authentication servers going offline for a couple days causing games to display an error on start up: Batman Arkham Knight, Mad Max and Shadow of War.[3]

November 7th 2021:

Guardians of the Galaxy, Football Manager 2022, Planet Zoo, Shadow of the Tomb Raider, Tomb Raider trilogy, Wolfenstein Youngblood, Mortal Kombat 11, Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater 1 + 2, Persona 4 Golden, Demon Slayer, among others became completely unplayable due to the Domain Codefusion expiring and not being renewed.[4]

May 2nd 2024:

Persona 5 Royal was affected after Denuvo's authentication servers became unavailable. [5]

To maybe delete

Editor's note: This section of the article is unsupported and lacks significant development. It may be deleted, or if verifiable sources can be located, it will be integrated into the rest of the article.


According to a listing on AWS Denuvo has a base cost of $25,000 per month, with an additional $0.50 per game sold. However it is worth noting that Denuvo does not provide a standard price on their website, so this price may not apply in some situations.[13]

Developers have also blamed Denuvo for negatively impacting performance.[14] Many developers have stopped using Denuvo in their games[15], with others using it but removing it from their games after some time has passed[16]. Controversies surrounding performance issues has resulted in Denuvo’s brand image being severely tarnished, with them being unable to even host a Discord sever properly due to the amount of harassment and trolling they faced.[17]

References

  1. Purchese, Robert (19 Dec 2014). "Don't call it DRM: what's Denuvo Anti-Tamper?". EuroGamer. Archived from the original on 6 Feb 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  2. Taylor, Ivy (23 Jan 2018). "Irdeto acquires Denuvo in bid to beef up security for the games industry". Games Industry. Archived from the original on 31 Aug 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  3. Taylor, Ivy (29 Aug 2018). "Denuvo: "There is no uncrackable game. What we do is protect the initial sales"". Games Industry. Archived from the original on 23 Nov 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  4. Orland, Kyle (6 Feb 2018). "Denuvo: Our cracked RE7 protection is still better than nothing [Updated]". ArsTechnica. Archived from the original on 16 Feb 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  5. D'Anastasio, Cecilia (22 Feb 2021). "The Woman Bulldozing Video Games' Toughest DRM". Wired. Archived from the original on 28 Jan 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  6. Lemon, Marshall (4 Sep 2018). "Two Point Hospital no longer uses Denuvo DRM". VG247. Archived from the original on 9 Jul 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  7. Machkovech, Sam (26 Dec 2018). "Evidence continues to mount about how bad Denuvo is for PC gaming performance". ArsTechnica. Archived from the original on 13 Nov 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  8. Vazquez, Suriel (14 Apr 2018). "DRM Software Causing Performance Issues In PC Version Of Tekken 7, Says Producer". Game Informer. Archived from the original on 21 May 2018. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  9. Leri, Michael (20 Jul 2018). "Sonic Mania Plus DRM Protection Slowing Down Legitimate Copies". Game Revolution. Archived from the original on 6 Feb 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  10. "Does modern DRM really hurt gaming performance?". Mega Games. 10 Nov 2017. Archived from the original on 14 Nov 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  11. Tyson, Mark (13 Oct 2024). "Publishers face 20% game revenue reduction if Denuvo DRM is cracked quickly, according to new study". Tom's Hardware. Archived from the original on 19 Oct 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  12. Bayley, Dominic (24 Sep 2024). "Are modern PC games badly optimized or is it just time to upgrade?". PCWorld. Archived from the original on 16 Jan 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  13. "Denuvo Anti-Tamper". AWS Marketplace. Archived from the original on 16 Dec 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  14. Parsons, Don (14 Apr 2018). "Tekken Director Says Denuvo Behind Recent Performance Issues On PC". Tech Raptor. Archived from the original on 26 Oct 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  15. Ariyasinghe, Pulasthi (15 Oct 2024). "BioWare confirms Dragon Age: The Veilguard won't have Denuvo or any third-party DRM". Neowin. Archived from the original on 4 Feb 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  16. Craig, Danny (11 Apr 2023). "Square Enix and Capcom remove Denuvo DRM from multiple games". Hitmarker. Archived from the original on 8 Jul 2025. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.
  17. Allen, Joseph (17 Oct 2024). "New Denuvo Discord Temporarily Suspended After Deluge of Hate Messages". Tech Raptor. Archived from the original on 28 Jan 2026. Retrieved 5 Apr 2025.