removed double "overcharged"
 
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===Consumer electronics===
===Consumer electronics===
[[File:BQ40Z50R3 1.jpg|thumb|A screenshot of a "bricked" battery pack with healthy cells, note the red "PF_EN"]]
[[File:Texas Instruments BQ40Z50R3 1.jpg|thumb|A screenshot of a "bricked" battery pack with healthy cells, note the red "PF_EN"]]
The most common consumer electronics using sophisticated battery management system for their multi-cell battery pack are laptop computers. There are many discussions about the battery "lockout" after replacing or recharging individual cells, indicating battery firmware lockout is the main obstacle of battery repair<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-06 |title=How can I reset the laptop battery BMS? |url=https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/570919/how-can-i-reset-the-laptop-battery-bms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913130751/https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/570919/how-can-i-reset-the-laptop-battery-bms |archive-date=2025-09-13 |access-date=2025-09-13 |website=Stack Exchange}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 Oct 2023 |title=(i changed every cell in laptop battery then bms locked How to unlock bms of acer e5 laptop battery, total battery in series is 15v but in bms output voltage is 0v i tried to short battery positive to output positive, but still no output, i think bms is locked how to unlock without software help |url=https://old.reddit.com/r/batteries/comments/17jogjr/i_changed_every_cell_in_laptop_battery_then_bms/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913133735/https://old.reddit.com/r/batteries/comments/17jogjr/i_changed_every_cell_in_laptop_battery_then_bms/ |archive-date=13 Sep 2025 |access-date=13 Sep 2025 |website=[[Reddit]]}}</ref>.
The most common consumer electronics using sophisticated battery management system for their multi-cell battery pack are laptop computers. There are many discussions about the battery "lockout" after replacing or recharging individual cells, indicating battery firmware lockout is the main obstacle of battery repair<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-06 |title=How can I reset the laptop battery BMS? |url=https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/570919/how-can-i-reset-the-laptop-battery-bms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913130751/https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/570919/how-can-i-reset-the-laptop-battery-bms |archive-date=2025-09-13 |access-date=2025-09-13 |website=Stack Exchange}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 Oct 2023 |title=(i changed every cell in laptop battery then bms locked How to unlock bms of acer e5 laptop battery, total battery in series is 15v but in bms output voltage is 0v i tried to short battery positive to output positive, but still no output, i think bms is locked how to unlock without software help |url=https://old.reddit.com/r/batteries/comments/17jogjr/i_changed_every_cell_in_laptop_battery_then_bms/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913133735/https://old.reddit.com/r/batteries/comments/17jogjr/i_changed_every_cell_in_laptop_battery_then_bms/ |archive-date=13 Sep 2025 |access-date=13 Sep 2025 |website=[[Reddit]]}}</ref>.