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[[wikipedia:GrapheneOS|'''GrapheneOS''']], formerly known as CopperheadOS, is an [[wikipedia:Open_source|open-source]], security-focused, privacy-preserving, and [[Android]]-based [[:Category:Operating systems|operating system]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS |url=https://grapheneos.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812191843/https://grapheneos.org/ |archive-date=12 Aug 2025 |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref> As of 2025, GrapheneOS only officially supports [[Google Pixel|Google's Pixel]] product line because it is the only product that meets their security standard.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS FAQ |url=https://grapheneos.org/faq#supported-devices |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
'''{{Wplink|GrapheneOS}}''', abbreviated as '''GOS''' formerly known as CopperheadOS, is an [[wikipedia:Open_source|open-source]], security-focused, privacy-preserving, and [[Android]]-based [[:Category:Operating systems|operating system]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS |url=https://grapheneos.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812191843/https://grapheneos.org/ |archive-date=12 Aug 2025 |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref> As of March 2026, '''GOS''' only supports [[Google Pixel|Google's Pixel]] devices as they're the only product line that meets their security standard.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS FAQ |url=https://grapheneos.org/faq#supported-devices |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260220053418/https://grapheneos.org/faq |archive-date=20 Feb 2026}}</ref> On 02 March 2026, '''GOS''' and [[Motorola]] jointly announced a partnership where Motorola would be developing devices that meet '''GOS'''<nowiki/>' security standards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 Mar 2026 |title=Motorola's new partnership with GrapheneOS |url=https://motorolanews.com/motorola-three-new-b2b-solutions-at-mwc-2026/ |url-status=live |website=Motorola News}}</ref> The first Motorola device supporting '''GOS''' is slated to launch in 2027.{{Citation needed}}


==Features==
==Features==
GrapheneOS advertises a multitude of features; most focusing on security and privacy. Although a more detailed list of features is provided at their [https://grapheneos.org/features website], a general list includes:  
GrapheneOS advertises a multitude of features; most focusing on security and privacy. Although a more detailed list of features is provided at their [https://grapheneos.org/features website], a general list includes:  


#0-Day Exploit Defense<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Exploit Protection |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#exploit-protection |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#0-Day Exploit Defense<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Exploit Protection |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#exploit-protection |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Attack surface reduction<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Attack Surface Reduction |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#attack-surface-reduction |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Attack surface reduction<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Attack Surface Reduction |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#attack-surface-reduction |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Hardened USB-C Port and Pogo Pins control<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} USB-C And Pogo Pins Control |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#usb-c-port-and-pogo-pins-control |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Hardened USB-C Port and Pogo Pins control<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} USB-C And Pogo Pins Control |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#usb-c-port-and-pogo-pins-control |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Improved Sandboxing<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Improved Sandboxing |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#improved-sandboxing |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Improved Sandboxing<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Improved Sandboxing |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#improved-sandboxing |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Network Permission Toggle<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Network Permission Toggle |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#network-permission-toggle |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Network Permission Toggle<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Network Permission Toggle |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#network-permission-toggle |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Sensors Permission Toggle<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Sensors Permission Toggle |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#sensors-permission-toggle |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Sensors Permission Toggle<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Sensors Permission Toggle |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#sensors-permission-toggle |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Storage Scopes<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Storage Scopes |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#storage-scopes |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Storage Scopes<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Storage Scopes |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#storage-scopes |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Contact Scopes<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Contact Scopes |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#contact-scopes |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Contact Scopes<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Contact Scopes |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#contact-scopes |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Private Screenshots<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Private Screenshots |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#private-screenshots |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Private Screenshots<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Private Screenshots |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#private-screenshots |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Pin Scrambling<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Pin Scrambling |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#pin-scrambling |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Pin Scrambling<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Pin Scrambling |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#pin-scrambling |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>
#Two-Factor Fingerprint Unlock<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Two Factor Fingerprint Unlock |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#two-factor-fingerprint-unlock |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
#Two-Factor Fingerprint Unlock<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview {{!}} Two Factor Fingerprint Unlock |url=https://grapheneos.org/features#two-factor-fingerprint-unlock |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}} ([http://web.archive.org/web/20260114232040/https://grapheneos.org/features Archived])</ref>


and more...<ref>{{Cite web |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview |url=https://grapheneos.org/features |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org}}</ref>
and more...<ref>{{Cite web |title=GrapheneOS Features Overview |url=https://grapheneos.org/features |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=grapheneos.org |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260222194039/https://grapheneos.org/features |archive-date=22 Feb 2026}}</ref>


==Reception==
==Reception==
===Positive===
German Security Researcher and Pentester Kuketz said that it was the "...gold standard of Android ROMs...".<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS: Der Goldstandard unter den Android-ROMs – Custom-ROMs Teil7 |url=https://www.kuketz-blog.de/grapheneos-der-goldstandard-unter-den-android-roms-custom-roms-teil7/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=kuketz-blog.de}}</ref>
German Security Researcher and Pentester Kuketz said that it was the "...gold standard of Android ROMs...".<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 Aug 2025 |title=GrapheneOS: Der Goldstandard unter den Android-ROMs – Custom-ROMs Teil7 |url=https://www.kuketz-blog.de/grapheneos-der-goldstandard-unter-den-android-roms-custom-roms-teil7/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=kuketz-blog.de}}</ref>


Cellularnews.com stated "GrapheneOS is arguably the best mobile operating system in terms of privacy and security."<ref>{{Cite news |author=Diane|date=23 Nov 2023 |title=GrapheneOS: A Hardened Android Alternative (Review) |url=https://cellularnews.com/mobile-operating-systems/grapheneos-review/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025|work=Cellular News}}</ref>
Cellularnews.com stated "GrapheneOS is arguably the best mobile operating system in terms of privacy and security."<ref>{{Cite news |author=Diane|date=23 Nov 2023 |title=GrapheneOS: A Hardened Android Alternative (Review) |url=https://cellularnews.com/mobile-operating-systems/grapheneos-review/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025|work=Cellular News |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251206110430/https://cellularnews.com/mobile-operating-systems/grapheneos-review/ |archive-date=6 Dec 2025}}</ref>


The French Cybersecurity Agency (ANSSI) reportedly uses and suggests modifications for GrapheneOS.<ref name=":0" />
The French Cybersecurity Agency (ANSSI) reportedly uses and suggests modifications for GrapheneOS.<ref name=":0" />


===Negative===
==Incidents==
[[Louis Rossmann - Video Directory|Louis Rossmann]], a consumer rights advocate and influencer, praised the project, but criticized the Lead Developer, Daniel Micay. A conversation between the two accused Rossmann of promoting harassment, slander, and attempted murder of Micay for commenting on the YouTube creator Techlore's video stating: "This is informative, and unfortunate." Micay subsequently threatened to ban Rossmann from their [[Matrix]] channel, and accused him of being discriminatory of people with autism.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rossmann |first=Louis |date=26 May 2023 |title=Why I deleted GrapheneOS |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4To-F6W1NT0 |url-status=live |access-date=12 Aug 2025 |website=youtube.com}}</ref>
 
In 2026, GrapheneOS announced it was leaving the cloud provider [[OVHcloud]] by removing all active servers from France and citing concerns about France’s legal approach to encryption, surveillance, and data sovereignty rather than any technical issue with the company’s infrastructure. According to GrapheneOS, France’s support for proposed EU legislation commonly referred to as [[Chat Control]], which could require scanning user communications, raises the risk of encryption backdoors and government access to devices. OVHcloud CEO [[Octave Klaba]] responded that no incident had occurred involving GrapheneOS servers, suggesting the public explanation might imply a technical problem when none existed.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 12:38, 24 March 2026

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GrapheneOS
Basic Information
Release Year 2019
Product Type Operating System
In Production Constant
Official Website https://www.grapheneos.org


GrapheneOS, abbreviated as GOS formerly known as CopperheadOS, is an open-source, security-focused, privacy-preserving, and Android-based operating system.[1] As of March 2026, GOS only supports Google's Pixel devices as they're the only product line that meets their security standard.[2] On 02 March 2026, GOS and Motorola jointly announced a partnership where Motorola would be developing devices that meet GOS' security standards.[3] The first Motorola device supporting GOS is slated to launch in 2027.[citation needed]

Features

[edit | edit source]

GrapheneOS advertises a multitude of features; most focusing on security and privacy. Although a more detailed list of features is provided at their website, a general list includes:

  1. 0-Day Exploit Defense[4]
  2. Attack surface reduction[5]
  3. Hardened USB-C Port and Pogo Pins control[6]
  4. Improved Sandboxing[7]
  5. Network Permission Toggle[8]
  6. Sensors Permission Toggle[9]
  7. Storage Scopes[10]
  8. Contact Scopes[11]
  9. Private Screenshots[12]
  10. Pin Scrambling[13]
  11. Two-Factor Fingerprint Unlock[14]

and more...[15]

Reception

[edit | edit source]

German Security Researcher and Pentester Kuketz said that it was the "...gold standard of Android ROMs...".[16]

Cellularnews.com stated "GrapheneOS is arguably the best mobile operating system in terms of privacy and security."[17]

The French Cybersecurity Agency (ANSSI) reportedly uses and suggests modifications for GrapheneOS.[2]

Incidents

[edit | edit source]

In 2026, GrapheneOS announced it was leaving the cloud provider OVHcloud by removing all active servers from France and citing concerns about France’s legal approach to encryption, surveillance, and data sovereignty rather than any technical issue with the company’s infrastructure. According to GrapheneOS, France’s support for proposed EU legislation commonly referred to as Chat Control, which could require scanning user communications, raises the risk of encryption backdoors and government access to devices. OVHcloud CEO Octave Klaba responded that no incident had occurred involving GrapheneOS servers, suggesting the public explanation might imply a technical problem when none existed.

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ "GrapheneOS". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Archived from the original on 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "GrapheneOS FAQ". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Archived from the original on 20 Feb 2026. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.
  3. ↑ "Motorola's new partnership with GrapheneOS". Motorola News. 2 Mar 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Exploit Protection". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  5. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Attack Surface Reduction". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  6. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | USB-C And Pogo Pins Control". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  7. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Improved Sandboxing". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  8. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Network Permission Toggle". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  9. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Sensors Permission Toggle". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  10. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Storage Scopes". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  11. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Contact Scopes". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025. (Archived)
  12. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Private Screenshots". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  13. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Pin Scrambling". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) (Archived)
  14. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview | Two Factor Fingerprint Unlock". grapheneos.org. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025. (Archived)
  15. ↑ "GrapheneOS Features Overview". grapheneos.org. Archived from the original on 22 Feb 2026. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.
  16. ↑ "GrapheneOS: Der Goldstandard unter den Android-ROMs – Custom-ROMs Teil7". kuketz-blog.de. 12 Aug 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ↑ Diane (23 Nov 2023). "GrapheneOS: A Hardened Android Alternative (Review)". Cellular News. Archived from the original on 6 Dec 2025. Retrieved 12 Aug 2025.
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