1Password: Difference between revisions
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|Logo=1Password-logo.png|ReleaseYear=2006}}1Password is a multi-platform subscription-based password manager developed by AgileBits Inc. It is often used due to the combination of a master password with a second secret key generated on-device (i.e., not in the cloud). Unlocking a user's vault therefore requires '''both''' pieces of information to decrypt and access. It also supports conventional two factor authentication using either software tokens or hardware-based tokens (e.g., Yubikey, Google Titan), which can be added to further secure a vault. 1Password is closed-source and is not self-hostable. | |Logo=1Password-logo.png|ReleaseYear=2006}}1Password is a multi-platform subscription-based password manager developed by AgileBits Inc. It is often used due to the combination of a master password with a second secret key generated on-device (i.e., not in the cloud). Unlocking a user's vault therefore requires '''both''' pieces of information to decrypt and access. It also supports conventional two factor authentication using either software tokens or hardware-based tokens (e.g., Yubikey, Google Titan), which can be added to further secure a vault. 1Password is closed-source and is not self-hostable. | ||
1Password, in addition to passwords, is capable of storing myriad site credentials including one-time codes, emails / user names, and additional notes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Password Manager for Individuals & Families |url=https://1password.com/product/password-manager |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref> | 1Password, in addition to passwords, is capable of storing myriad site credentials including one-time codes, emails / user names, and additional notes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Password Manager for Individuals & Families |url=https://1password.com/product/password-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251030021958/https://1password.com/product/password-manager |archive-date=2025-10-30 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref> | ||
==Consumer impact summary== | ==Consumer impact summary== | ||
===Freedom=== | ===Freedom=== | ||
<blockquote>"You can export your 1Pasword information at any time. If you discontinue payment, your account will enter a frozen (read-only) state that still allows you to retrieve and export your information. Your export will be limited to the information you saved in 1Password. We can’t guarantee that vault permissions, group structures, and other details about relationships between people and information are included."<ref name="privacy">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27 |title=About 1Password and your privacy |url=https://support.1password.com/1password-privacy/ |access-date=2025-09-05 |work=1Password Support}}</ref></blockquote>Users can import existing passwords from other managers and export passwords and other content in formats suitable for importing into other managers. 1Password is not a walled-garden. Allowing the subscription to expire places an account in a read-only state, where the user can still download their passwords and other saved content. | <blockquote>"You can export your 1Pasword information at any time. If you discontinue payment, your account will enter a frozen (read-only) state that still allows you to retrieve and export your information. Your export will be limited to the information you saved in 1Password. We can’t guarantee that vault permissions, group structures, and other details about relationships between people and information are included."<ref name="privacy">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27 |title=About 1Password and your privacy |url=https://support.1password.com/1password-privacy/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905085406/https://support.1password.com/1password-privacy/ |archive-date=2025-09-05 |access-date=2025-09-05 |work=1Password Support}}</ref></blockquote>Users can import existing passwords from other managers and export passwords and other content in formats suitable for importing into other managers. 1Password is not a walled-garden. Allowing the subscription to expire places an account in a read-only state, where the user can still download their passwords and other saved content. | ||
===Privacy=== | ===Privacy=== | ||
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===User security=== | ===User security=== | ||
Users should be aware that using password manager browser extensions increases their vulnerability to clickjacking<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/major-password-managers-can-leak-logins-in-clickjacking-attacks/| | Users should be aware that using password manager browser extensions increases their vulnerability to clickjacking<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Toulas |first=Bill |date=2025-08-20 |title=Major password managers can leak logins in clickjacking attacks |url=https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/major-password-managers-can-leak-logins-in-clickjacking-attacks/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250929091759/https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/major-password-managers-can-leak-logins-in-clickjacking-attacks/ |archive-date=2025-09-29 |access-date=2025-09-05 |work=Bleeping Computer}}</ref> where the autofill feature of password managers is abused to trick the password manager into leaking user credentials and other sensitive details.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Naprys |first=Ernestas |date=2025-08-21 |title=Major flaw affecting password managers: they autofill credentials for attackers |url=https://cybernews.com/security/password-managers-autofill-credentials-for-attackers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251019001532/https://cybernews.com/security/password-managers-autofill-credentials-for-attackers/ |archive-date=2025-10-19 |access-date=2025-09-05 |work=Cybernews}}</ref> It is considered best practice to copy in these elements on trusted pages manually. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tóth |first=Marek |date=2025-09-11 |title=DOM-based Extension Clickjacking: Your Password Manager Data at Risk |url=https://marektoth.com/blog/dom-based-extension-clickjacking/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251020074626/https://marektoth.com/blog/dom-based-extension-clickjacking/ |archive-date=2025-10-20 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=marektóth}}</ref> | ||
===Business model=== | ===Business model=== | ||
Subscription based, has a strong emphasis on enterprise credential management,<ref>{{Cite web |title=1Password Device Trust |url=https://1password.com/product/device-trust |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=XAM: Extended Access Management |url=https://1password.com/extended-access-management |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref> especially for secret management for software development (e.g., SSH keys, authentication tokens, API keys, etc.).{{CitationNeeded}} <!-- A skim through the product pages, I couldn't find this particular mention. It's probably somewhere, though and that the problem is I don't understand the technology to know where to look --> | Subscription based, has a strong emphasis on enterprise credential management,<ref>{{Cite web |title=1Password Device Trust |url=https://1password.com/product/device-trust |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251030021959/https://1password.com/product/device-trust |archive-date=2025-10-30 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=XAM: Extended Access Management |url=https://1password.com/extended-access-management |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251020062352/https://1password.com/extended-access-management |archive-date=2025-10-20 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=1Password}}</ref> especially for secret management for software development (e.g., SSH keys, authentication tokens, API keys, etc.).{{CitationNeeded}} <!-- A skim through the product pages, I couldn't find this particular mention. It's probably somewhere, though and that the problem is I don't understand the technology to know where to look --> | ||
===Market control=== | ===Market control=== | ||
<!-- This still kinda sucks, but I did technically delete what I felt was placeholder text -Raster --> | <!-- This still kinda sucks, but I did technically delete what I felt was placeholder text -Raster --> | ||
1Password claims on its website front page that it is industry leading, although it does not cite any public market researches or 3rd party audits. However, a bug bounty program exists on HackerOne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-09 |title=1Password - CTF {{!}} Bug Bounty Program Policy |url=https://hackerone.com/1password_ctf?type=team |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=HackerOne}}</ref> Market studies and reviews (as of October 2025) show that it has significant competitive control.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Password Management Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2025 - 2030) |url=https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/password-management-market |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=Mordor Intelligence}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bouman |first=Amber |last2=Spadafora |first2=Anthony |date=2025-09-11 |title=The best password managers in 2025 |url=https://www.tomsguide.com/us/best-password-managers,review-3785.html |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=Tom's Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Key |first=Kim |last2=Henry |first2=Alan |date=2025-10-14 |title=The Best Password Managers for 2025 |url=https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-password-managers |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=PCMag}}</ref> <!-- These are by no means amazing sources, I just skimmed through with Ctrl + F to see what they said about 1Password. Generally it's like 5 star reviews with "it's okay" as the actual review -raster --> | 1Password claims on its website front page that it is industry leading, although it does not cite any public market researches or 3rd party audits. However, a bug bounty program exists on HackerOne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-09 |title=1Password - CTF {{!}} Bug Bounty Program Policy |url=https://hackerone.com/1password_ctf?type=team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004161711/https://hackerone.com/1password_ctf?type=team |archive-date=2025-10-04 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=HackerOne}}</ref> Market studies and reviews (as of October 2025) show that it has significant competitive control.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Password Management Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2025 - 2030) |url=https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/password-management-market |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250907113812/https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/password-management-market |archive-date=2025-09-07 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=Mordor Intelligence}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bouman |first=Amber |last2=Spadafora |first2=Anthony |date=2025-09-11 |title=The best password managers in 2025 |url=https://www.tomsguide.com/us/best-password-managers,review-3785.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012224159/https://www.tomsguide.com/us/best-password-managers,review-3785.html |archive-date=2025-10-12 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=Tom's Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Key |first=Kim |last2=Henry |first2=Alan |date=2025-10-14 |title=The Best Password Managers for 2025 |url=https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-password-managers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251017061423/https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-password-managers |archive-date=2025-10-17 |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=PCMag}}</ref> <!-- These are by no means amazing sources, I just skimmed through with Ctrl + F to see what they said about 1Password. Generally it's like 5 star reviews with "it's okay" as the actual review -raster --> | ||
==Incidents== | ==Incidents== | ||
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===1Password Okta instance breach, discovered (''29 Sept 2023'')=== | ===1Password Okta instance breach, discovered (''29 Sept 2023'')=== | ||
1Password published a blog post disclosing an internal investigation of the breach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.1password.com/okta-incident/| | 1Password published a blog post disclosing an internal investigation of the breach.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canahuati |first=Pedro |date=2023-10-23 |title=Okta Support System incident and 1Password |url=https://blog.1password.com/okta-incident/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905070945/https://blog.1password.com/okta-incident/ |archive-date=2025-09-05 |access-date=2025-09-05 |work=1Password Blog}}</ref> It largely appears one of the attackers actions triggered an email to a member of the IT team who acted swiftly to contain the breach. The company reported user data was not exfiltrated or decrypted.<ref>https://blog.1password.com/files/okta-incident/okta-incident-report.pdf</ref> <!-- An archived copy is available at https://consumerrights.wiki/images/1/12/Okta-incident-report.pdf by clicking the below picture, but I'm not sure it's the most intuitive way to access it for whoever CRW will be presented to as evidence as it requires clicking twice. Maybe I'm overthinking this... -raster --> | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Okta-incident-report.pdf|PDF document report of the breach (click twice to open) | File:Okta-incident-report.pdf|PDF document report of the breach (click twice to open) | ||